Artículo

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/345284

Artículo científico o editorial en una publicación periódica académica sujeto a revisión de pares. Cumple con los índices internacionales o bases de datos de amplia cobertura, como el listado del Current Contents, ISI WEB of Knowledge (http://isiknowledge.com/) e índice de revistas mexicanas de CONACYT (www.conacyt.mx/dac/revistas). Éstos indizan y resumen los artículos de revistas seleccionadas, en todas las áreas del saber.

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Generative artificial intelligence in education: a systematic analysis of opportunities, challenges, and responses
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-08-04) García López, Iván Miguel; Ramírez Montoya, María Soledad; Molina Espinosa, José Martín; Tecnológico de Monterrey
Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), exemplified by tools such as ChatGPT, is transforming the educational field by offering innovative solutions for the personalization of learning, student motivation, and the optimization of pedagogical processes. The core research question is: How is GenAI transforming educational processes, and what are the challenges and opportunities associated with its implementation? To answer it, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted, analyzing recent studies that address applications, policies, and limitations of AI in education. The main findings highlight three key constructs: personalization of learning, which improves academic performance through adaptive interventions; educational innovation, which boosts motivation through interactive and gamified environments; and the need for ethical and inclusive regulation, which guarantees transparency and equity in the use of these technologies. In addition, gaps were identified in institutional policies and existing legal regulation, evidencing the urgency of updating them to respond to emerging challenges. The added value of this study lies in its holistic and comprehensive approach, which connects pedagogical applications, ethical challenges, and regulatory policies, proposing concrete recommendations for the responsible and effective implementation of AI in educational contexts.
Measuring digital transformation in education 4.0 with DT-Smarty: valid and reliable model
(Springer, 2025-04-23) González Pérez, Laura Icela; Enciso González, Juan Antonio; Vicario Solórzano, Claudia Marina; Ramírez Montoya, María Soledad; Tecnológico de Monterrey; Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; Dirk Ifenthaler
Validated instruments enable strategic decision-making in an increasingly complex tech- nological environment. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) should have data measuring technological maturity and readiness for cyber-physical environments, crucial to leading digital transformation and sustainable development. This study presents the validation of an instrument designed to assess academicians’ perceptions of the technological maturity and digital transformation readiness of HEIs. The scale dimensions were constructed and vali- dated in three steps: (1) operationalization of the study variables and scale development, (2) content validation through a nine-expert judgment panel with Aiken’s V, and (3) factor exploratory analysis (EFA) and reliability analysis using Cronbach’s Alpha method. The validation yielded three main findings: Aiken’s V coefficient yielded a value of (>0.82), indicating substantial agreement for the content evaluation of nine experts; reliability test- ing produced a Cronbach’s alpha of .957, demonstrating excellent internal consistency. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) measure was .919, confirming the questionnaire’s suitability for 19 items. Four critical dimensions were established: (1) Cyber-Physical Systems, (2) Educational platforms and data and analytics, (3) Organizational platforms, and (4) Conti- nuity and security plans. These results validate the instrument as a robust tool for diagnos- ing digital maturity in university contexts, effectively capturing the proposed dimensions essential for educational innovation. The future work to evolve this instrument could shed light on the roadmap for incorporating technological enablers, aligning vocational training with the challenges of Industry 4.0, and supported by predictive AI models that allow the creation of solid governance to lead the digital evolution.
A look at sustainability through the lens of the sustainable development goals and education 5.0: A systematic review of the literature
(Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 2025-03-31) Ramírez Montoya, María Soledad; Tariq, Rasikh; Rozo García, Hugo Alexander; Casillas Muñoz, Fidel; Tarman, Bulent
We discuss a new construct called Industry 5.0, which has infiltrated the education sector, enabling us to explore Education 5.0. This concept is based on the use of advanced technologies that enable it to address global issues in contemporary society, many of which are related to sustainability. In line with the above, the aim of this research was to reveal the possible advances that have been made in Education 5.0 and its relationship with Sustainable Development Goals, especially sustainability, to achieve this, a systematic literature review was carried out, analyzing 92 articles from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. The analysis was carried out through research questions that allowed the documentary corpus to be explored, organized, and segmented in order to focus on three elements How sustainability has been approached by Education 5.0, the possible challenges it faces in working toward sustainability in the immediate future, and finally, a characterization of the publications. The results take into account that: a) the management of education and its relationship with industry 5.0 seems to be the favorite topic when SDGs are addressed; b) the impact on sustainability for 5.0 technologies is diverse, ranging from facilitating intelligent resource management to refining teaching methods, raising awareness of sustainability, improving collaboration and promoting virtuality; c) SDGs is the topic less addressed in the literature in the margin of Education 5. 0; d) Most of the authors agreed that the main challenge is the widespread adoption of technologies in Education 5.0. The review concludes that the emergence of Education 5.0 introduces technological advances accentuated by a human-centered vision. However, it is urgent that institutions adopt an inquisitiveness about quality education, the achievement of SDGs, and the sustainability of education to amplify sustainable key competencies, such as creativity and human-centered thinking.
Reading for all implementing public policies: Quantitative method and process evaluation in early literacy.
(Elsevier, 2025-01-14) Honorato Errázuriz, Jesús; Bastidas Schade, Valentina; Ramirez Montoya, María Soledad; EGADE Business School
Learning to read in the first grade is essential for reducing educational inequalities, highlighting the need to evaluate and enhance reading programs. This study examines "Plan Leo Primero," an innovative national initiative to ensure that all first-grade students in Chile effectively learn to read and comprehend texts. A total of 715 educational stakeholders—including principals, technical leaders, teachers, and guardians—participated in the evaluation, which used validated questionnaires across two regions of the country. The study employed a quantitative and descriptive methodological approach to evaluate the implementation process of the program, fidelity, and impact on literacy outcomes. Despite challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as reduced student attendance, shorter implementation periods, and limited resources, the findings indicated successful program implementation with significant improvements in first-grade literacy. Key results included high acceptance and frequent use of the program’s instructional guides and pedagogical tools by teachers, widespread adoption of structured methods aligned with cognitive theory, enhanced teachers’ digital competencies, and strong engagement from guardians in reading activities. Grounded in action theory, the study emphasizes the alignment between program strategies, stakeholder participation, and systemic actions, fostering sustainable literacy progress. The process evaluation identified areas for improving program fidelity, demonstrating that structured evaluation frameworks ensure robust implementation and open avenues for future research. Future projections include assessing the use of technology and communication tools and promoting the social appropriation of knowledge among all stakeholders to drive inclusive and impactful literacy reforms in Chile and the broader Spanish-speaking world.
Financial inclusion of vulnerable sectors with a gender perspective: risk analysis model with artificial intelligence based on complex thinking.
(Springer, 2025-01-14) Medina-Vidal, Adriana; Alonso Galicia, Patricia Esther; González Mendoza, Miguel; Ramírez Montoya, María Soledad
The objective is to present a proposal for a gender-sensitive risk analysis model using artificial intelligence (AI) within the framework of complex thinking that provides access to opportunities, specifically for vulnerable populations such as women from underprivileged sections. This international non-parametric study highlights the vulnerability of this population in Mexico through a sample of 2787 women. The methodological design included data analysis, the postulation of a proposed model, and a validation method for the credit risk analysis model. There is a correlation between the level of schooling of impoverished and vulnerable women with the possibility of self-employment and selling a product or service. In the framework of complex thinking, the perception of innovative thinking is related to the level of education and innovative decision-making in professional projects. Women with a higher level of schooling tend to think about their professional projects systematically. Promoting complex thinking involves innovative educational practices to encourage critical, systemic, scientific, and innovative thinking in entrepreneurship and sustainable development. Integrating reasoning for complexity benefits women and contributes to economic and social growth in vulnerable regions. In contrast to other models, our credit risk analysis model uses AI and variables for gender, vulnerability, and complex thinking to detect patterns in women’s behaviors and attitudes in the venture start-up process. Our proposal is the starting point of many analyses to develop further about artificial intelligence based on complex thinking.
Comparison of perceived achievement of complex thinking competency among american, european, and asian university students
(2025) Vázquez Parra, José Carlos; Lis Gutiérrez, Jenny Paola; Henao Rodriguez, Linda Carolina; George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Tramon Pregnan, Claudia Lorena; Río Urenda, Susana Del; B. Chio, Ma Esther; Tariq, Rasikh
Despite the growing focus of educational institutions on students’ practical abilities beyond theoretical knowledge, the perception that students have of their competencies is crucial for their effective application in professional contexts. Accordingly, this paper reports a study of 435 university students attending ten universities in eight countries in the Americas (Chile, Colombia, Mexico), Asia (Pakistan and the Philippines), and Europe (Spain, Finland, and Serbia). The goal was to measure their perceptions of their achievement of complex thinking competency and its sub-competencies. The intention was to identify how cultural, educational, and socioeconomic differences among countries account for the variances in the students’ self-assessment of competencies, impacting their professional preparedness. The study focused on the competency of complex thinking, considering its critical importance in solving current environmental problems. The analysis employed the non-parametric Brown–Forsythe statistical test and Bonferroni correction, given the non-normality and heteroscedasticity of the data. It was found that (i) there is no statistically significant difference by gender; (ii) there are statistically significant differences in all types of thinking per country, geographical area (continent), and Human Development Index (HDI).
Remaigining the future through the co-creation of social entrepreneurship in higher education: a multivariate prediction model approach
(Emerald, 2024-12-10) Ramírez Montoya, María Soledad; Casillas Muñoz, Fidel; Tariq, Rashik; Icaza Longoria, Inés Álvarez; Portugués Castro, May; EGADE Bussines School
Purpose – This remastered analysis focuses on the impact of entrepreneurial interventions in higher education institutions (HEI), particularly in social entrepreneurship. The study evaluated the effectiveness of such interventions through a pre-and post-test approach, examining various skill sets in students. The primary goal was to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial training programs on students’ competencies in social entrepreneurship by analyzing changes in personal behavior, leadership, innovation, social value and management skills before and after the educational interventions. Design/methodology/approach – The study employed a quasi-experimental design, analyzing pre-and post-test results in three distinct social entrepreneurship training experiences. The sample consisted of 304 participants, providing a comprehensive view of the impact of these interventions. Findings – The main findings were: (1) Educational interventions in social entrepreneurship must emphasize strategies for self-awareness, emotional intelligence and personal development improvement. The analysis revealed significant improvements in these areas, indicating that targeted strategies in these domains are essential for enhancing the effectiveness of social entrepreneurship education. (2) The impact of educational interventions on these capabilities can be effectively evaluated using machine learning methods such as ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. This approach allows for the inclusion of variables such as gender, age or location, providing a comprehensive assessment of the interventions’ impact. (3) The interventions were particularly effective in improving students’ innovation and leadership competencies. The analysis demonstrated substantial enhancements in these areas, underscoring the success of the interventions in developing these critical skills. (4) The study highlighted the need for a more focused approach in future interventions, emphasizing the importance of management, social value and personal skills. Additionally, it pointed out the necessity of developing and utilizing appropriate tools to create and evaluate these interventions effectively. Practical implications – The study provides insights into improving educational interventions in social entrepreneurship to better develop essential skills in students. Originality/value – This research introduces a significant approach to educational interventions for educational communities and decision-makers by demonstrating the effectiveness of entrepreneurial training for competencies in innovation and leadership, which are crucial for societal and economic development.
Essential elements for implementing AI tools in elementary school: A systematic literature review
(MDPI, 2024-11-26) Arriola Mendoza, Jorge; Valerio Ureña, Gabriel; Tecnologico de Monterrey; Meletiou Mavrotheris, Maria
The global use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted considerable attention, and its integration into educational systems is a priority that warrants further exploration. In collaboration with UNESCO, numerous organizations have proposed parameters advocating for the inclusion of AI in basic education systems. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to identify these parameters from the existing research. Although these parameters have been mentioned in some studies, they are generally not prioritized in the research landscape. AI tools are primarily used to support students, while teachers typically employ a pedagogical approach centered on in-class activities. Additionally, essential conditions related to research requirements and involvement from the private and third sectors showed consistent adherence across the examined studies. However, it was found that only 52% of the studies included an ethical declaration regarding the data collected by AI during research development, especially regarding studies involving children. This review provides a guide for educational communities looking to enhance pedagogical practices through AI integration into their educational environments, but who may be uncertain about where to begin. Questions related to AI modality selection, pedagogical relevance, ethical considerations, and procedural guidelines for integrating AI into curricula are addressed through the insights provided in this review.
Global insights in giftedness research: mapping current characteristics and challenges
(2024-09-17) Quintero Gámez, Lorena Alicia; Sanabria Zepeda, Jorge Carlos; Tecnologico de Monterrey; https://ror.org/03ayjn504; Tarman, Bulent
Identifying gifted students in today’s complex context requires precision in both the definition of the concept and its constituent characteristics. However, there are discrepancies worldwide in the instruments established to diagnose gifted students. This study undertook a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify the most representative characteristics of this profile. A database of 676 articles from Scopus and WoS was analyzed, of which 37 were screened for further study using a content analysis approach. The study aimed to answer two research questions: (1) What are the prevailing characteristics of research on giftedness? (2) What are the challenges and barriers to current research and practice in gifted research? These inquiries were addressed through a series of disaggregated questions divided into four categories: publication metrics, study methodology, identification and support of giftedeness, and technology used. The main findings were a) the lack of standardized measures for identifying gifted individuals; b) the important role of teacher training in identifying and supporting gifted profiles; and c) the inherent limitations of research on giftedness, which constrain the generalizability of its findings. It was concluded that emotional intelligence plays a critical role in giftedness. Key challenges identified include discrepancies in giftedness identification instruments and the impact of cultural and socio-economic factors on gifted education.
University professors' willingness, enablers, and barriers for incorporating memes with the socratic method to enhance critical thinking.
(Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture (ESIC), 2024-08-15) Rodriguéz Guillén, Maricarmen Patricia; Ortuño Campos, Joaquin Mauricio; Valerio Ureña, Gabriel; Tecnológico de Monterrey; Enaam Shaker
Critical thinking is crucial in today’s environments, yet university students show low levels, requiring targeted interventions. The Socratic method is recognized for critical thinking development, while Internet memes offer a promising approach to enhancing this skill and promoting evidence-based argumentation. Previous studies suggest that professors perceive both positively in higher education. Nevertheless, the literature lacks insight into professors' willingness, enablers, and barriers for adopting them together. Therefore, this qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews with eleven Mexican university professors, explores their willingness to incorporate a combination of the Socratic method and Internet memes to enhance critical thinking, and examines their underlying enablers and barriers. The study found that professors are familiar with both tools and willing to using them together to foster critical thinking, citing enablers like students' affinity for memes and the method's reflective power. However, they also identified barriers such as limited curriculum time, restrictive classroom layouts, and a generational gap affecting mutual understanding of memes. This study concludes that the research agenda of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) could include the combined use of memes and the Socratic method to leverage the benefits of both, which include the Socratic method's reflective depth, and the innovative engagement offered by Internet memes.

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