Artículo

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/345284

Artículo científico o editorial en una publicación periódica académica sujeto a revisión de pares. Cumple con los índices internacionales o bases de datos de amplia cobertura, como el listado del Current Contents, ISI WEB of Knowledge (http://isiknowledge.com/) e índice de revistas mexicanas de CONACYT (www.conacyt.mx/dac/revistas). Éstos indizan y resumen los artículos de revistas seleccionadas, en todas las áreas del saber.

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Comparison of perceived achievement of complex thinking competency among american, european, and asian university students
(2025) Vázquez Parra, José Carlos; Lis Gutiérrez, Jenny Paola; Henao Rodriguez, Linda Carolina; George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Tramon Pregnan, Claudia Lorena; Río Urenda, Susana Del; B. Chio, Ma Esther; Tariq, Rasikh
Despite the growing focus of educational institutions on students’ practical abilities beyond theoretical knowledge, the perception that students have of their competencies is crucial for their effective application in professional contexts. Accordingly, this paper reports a study of 435 university students attending ten universities in eight countries in the Americas (Chile, Colombia, Mexico), Asia (Pakistan and the Philippines), and Europe (Spain, Finland, and Serbia). The goal was to measure their perceptions of their achievement of complex thinking competency and its sub-competencies. The intention was to identify how cultural, educational, and socioeconomic differences among countries account for the variances in the students’ self-assessment of competencies, impacting their professional preparedness. The study focused on the competency of complex thinking, considering its critical importance in solving current environmental problems. The analysis employed the non-parametric Brown–Forsythe statistical test and Bonferroni correction, given the non-normality and heteroscedasticity of the data. It was found that (i) there is no statistically significant difference by gender; (ii) there are statistically significant differences in all types of thinking per country, geographical area (continent), and Human Development Index (HDI).
Developing scientific entrepreneurship and complex thinking skills: creating narrative scripts using ChatGPT
(Frontiers, 2024-07-02) George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Vilhunen, Elisa Ellen Marjaana; Avello Martínez, RaidellLópez Caudana, Edgar Omar; https://ror.org/03ayjn504
The increased access to artificial intelligence (AI) applications has made it possible to develop more engaging and complex educational activities for students in different disciplines. This research explored expanding university students’ knowledge of scientific entrepreneurship skills using an Artificial Intelligence application. The students participated in a training experience using the conversational ChatGPT language model to generate narrative scripts for various topics on scientific discoveries and technological advances to create new products or services that offer cost-effective solutions based on science. The experience was designed employing the i4C model (identify, ideate, invent, inform). The study used a two-sample design with repeated measurements based on a pre-test and post-test. One hundred five graduate students from two master’s degree programs at the Bolivarian University of Ecuador participated during the 2022–2023 academic period. The results indicate that the students notably improved in acquiring the knowledge necessary for scientific entrepreneurial skills. The study concluded that applying AI ChatGPT with a narrative scripting strategy can create new learning opportunities for students.
Developing the skills for complex thinking research: A case study using social robotics to produce scientific papers
(Frontiers, 2024-06-10) López Caudana, Edgar Omar; George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Avello Martínez, Raidell; https://ror.org/03ayjn504
The development of university students’ skills to successfully produce scientific documents has been a recurring topic of study in academia. This paper analyzes the implementation of a training experience using a digital environment mediated by video content materials starring humanoid robots. The research aimed to scale complex thinking and its sub-competencies as a hinge to strengthen basic academic research skills. Students from Colombia, Ecuador, and Mexico committed to preparing a scientific document as part of their professional training participated. A pretest to know their initial level of perception, a posttest to evaluate if there was a change, and a scientific document the students delivered at the end of the training experience comprised the methodology to demonstrate the improvement of their skills. The results indicated students’ perceived improvement in the sub-competencies of systemic, creative, scientific, and innovative thinking; however, their perceptions did not align with that of the tutor who reviewed the delivered scientific product. The conclusion was that although the training experience helped strengthen the students’ skills, variables that are determinants for a student to develop the knowledge necessary to prepare scientific documents and their derived products remain to be analyzed.
Communicating Educational Innovation projects in Latin America mediated by the scaling of complex thinking: contribution of the UNESCO-ICDE Chair in Mexico
(Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 2024-06-02) George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; López Caudana, Edgar Omar; Gómez Rodríguez, Víctor Gustavo; https://ror.org/03ayjn504
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Chair in the open educational movement for Latin America aims to promote scientific, technological, entrepreneurial, and innovative development. In Mexico, face-to-face bootcamps occur every two years, where prototypes of high-value solutions for education are developed using design and active learning methodologies, with the aim of scaling complex thinking and sustainable development. In the 2023 edition, 94 academicians from 12 countries participated (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Germany, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, Spain, the Dominican Republic, and the United Kingdom). Experts from Tecnológico de Monterrey, the Open University, the University of Leeds, and Siemens Stiftung supervised the process. This article presents the prototyped proposals and the results of applying the Play2Train4C methodology, enabling participants to develop educational innovation projects under the paradigm of complex thinking. The results indicate that (1) the participants managed to prototype ten proposals validated by experts and (2) their perceptions of their systemic, critical, scientific, and innovative thinking (sub-competencies of complex thinking) improved by the end of the bootcamp. The conclusion was that the UNESCO Chair boosted solution-building skills for the complex problems arising in Latin America and enabled key agents in education to improve their complex thinking skills for quality education, as promulgated by sustainable development goal 4.
Evaluación de la seguridad digital para la complejidad en estudiantes universitarios: diseño y validación del instrumento Complex-ADS
(CISDE, 2024-05-30) George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Rocha Estrada, Francisco Javier; Glasserman Morales, Leonardo David; Avello Martínez, Raidell; https://ror.org/03ayjn504; https://ror.org/05m031e17
Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación se han vuelto más relevantes en la vida de las personas, a partir de la transformación de los escenarios formativos provocados por la pandemia por COVID-19 se reinició el debate respecto a la urgencia de fortalecer la alfabetización de estudiantes universitarios para participar en los escenarios virtuales de forma segura. En este artículo se elaboró, validó y analizó la confiabilidad de un instrumento para evaluar la alfabetización en seguridad digital desde el enfoque del pensamiento complejo. Se analizó la validez de contenido del instrumento a partir del juicio de 12 expertos mediante la aplicación del método Delphi Digital Simplificado y se realizó un estudio de confiabilidad con la colaboración de 254 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados indican que el instrumento acabado tiene la validez apropiada para ser aplicado ya que supera el límite aceptable del coeficiente V de Aiken, además tiene una consistencia interna sólida debido a que cada uno de los ítems obtuvo un indicador de Omega de McDonald mayor a 0.8, así como por las correlaciones positivas entre las dimensiones que lo conforman. Por lo anterior, se confirma que es instrumento que consta de 42 ítems distribuidos en siete dimensiones es válido y fiable ya que permite medir de forma sólida los niveles de alfabetización en seguridad digital. Los estudios derivados de la aplicación de este instrumento deberán incorporar al cuestionario variables contextuales para hacer nuevas validaciones que se ajusten a diversos niveles y modalidades educativas.
A platform for learning entrepreneurship and complex thinking: Questionnaire validation for evaluation
(JSSER, 2024-05-29) López Caudana, Edgar Omar; George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Martínez Pérez, Sandra; https://ror.org/03ayjn504
Digital learning platforms as scaffolds for learning in formal and informal educational scenarios have had few assessments to determine their acceptance and success in fostering high order thinking skills. The primary objective of this study was to develop, validate, and assess the reliability of an instrument designed to measure the acceptance of a platform dedicated to nurturing complex thinking skills in social, scientific, and technological entrepreneurship. The methodology developed to systematize this process involved four stages: 1) instrument development based on the UTAUT2 model, 2) computation of the Kappa coefficient to select experts for instrument validation, 3) application of the Simplified Digital Delphi Method for validation, and 4) analysis of instrument reliability using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega coefficients. The results were 1) a questionnaire consisting of 9 dimensions and 22 items, all validated by experts and exhibiting an acceptable level of quality, exceeding the 0.8 coefficient threshold indicative of good item quality; and 2) the development of a methodology named EAAP that systematizes and objectifies the task of creating and refining an instrument and readying it for implementation. This work emphasizes the need to assess the acceptance of digital learning platforms to identify areas for improvement and promote the development of instruments using reliable methodologies.
Digital environments of education 4.0 and complex thinking:Communicative literacy to close the digital gender gap
(The open University, 2024-02-15) George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Peláez Sánchez, Iris Cristina; Glasserman Morales, Leonardo David; Tecnológico de Monterrey; https://ror.org/03ayjn504
The gender digital divide (GDD) is a social phenomenon that denies citizens access to technologies, the internet, and the services associated with Education 4.0. Reducing this gap requires communicative literacy, which allows scaling knowledge, skills, and attitudes to create forms of media expression to interact effectively in virtual environments. Education 4.0 is a modern approach to education that focuses on preparing students to thrive in a digital and technological world. Additionally, Education 4.0 is based on three pedagogical principles, including Cyber pedagogy, Heutagogy, and Peeragogy, which emphasize the use of technology, self-determined learning, and collaboration, respectively. A mixed study was conducted with the participation of 124 Mexican students of technical-professional education. The study’s objective was to analyze how they scaled their communicative literacy and complex thinking through a formative experience based on the pedagogical framework of Education 4.0 in digital environments called metaverses to bridge the GDD in Mexico. Quantitative results show only significant differences in systemic thinking (z = –2.113, p = 0.035 < 0.05), where women had a slightly higher mean (M = 25.36) than men (M = 25.11). Qualitative results support the finding of women excelling in systemic thinking, as participants expressed comments related to systemic thinking (90%). This suggests that immersive digital environments can effectively enhance communicative literacy and complex thinking. Additionally, they can be spaces where both women and men achieve similar levels of digital literacy.
Financial literacy in mexican university students: an instrument for its measurement in the environment of complexity
(Hipatia Press, 2023-11-28) George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Ramírez Montoya, María Soledad; Patiño Zúñiga, Irma Azeneth; López Caudana, Edgar Omar; https://ror.org/03ayjn504; https://ror.org/031f8kt38
Financial literacy is a skill that students must develop in order to cultivate their economic well-being in the medium and long term. This paper presents the design, construction and validation of a literacy measurement scale from the imbrication of complex thinking with the literacies of financial knowledge, behavior and attitude. Content validity was analyzed from the judgment of 13 experts through the application of the Simplified Digital Delphi method and a reliability study was carried out considering 112 university students. The results show a solid internal consistency because the items obtained a Cronbach's alpha greater than 0.8, as well as positive correlations between the dimensions that comprise it. Therefore, it is a valid and reliable instrument that allows the verification of financial knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes. It is suggested that future studies could incorporate variables related to the use of digital financial applications.
Gender digital divide in education 4.0: A systematic literature review of factors and strategies for inclusion
(2023-11-16) Peláez Sánchez, Iris Cristina; George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; Glasserman Morales, Leonardo David; Tecnológico de Monterrey; https://ror.org/03ayjn504
The gender digital divide (GDD) is a phenomenon that refers to the inequalities and differences between men and women in accessing the digital ecosystem in various environments, such as the scenarios of Education 4.0. Bridging the GDD in access, use, and appropriation of technologies would promote the digital inclusion in spaces traditionally dominated by men. A systematic literature review was conducted using seven databases, considering Scopus and Web of Science. Through this, the factors with the most significant impact on the widening of this type of gap were identified. The findings suggest that the elements that limit the GDD are (a) access and use of technologies, (b) social barriers, and (c) gender stereotypes and roles. On the other hand, factors that need to be considered for the digital inclusion of women were identified as follows: (a) the mode of interaction with technologies, (b) digital competencies in Education 4.0, (c) the mode of technology-mediated teaching and learning, (d) digital competencies in the workplace, and (e) digital participation. It is concluded that more digital inclusion strategies are needed to reduce the GDD, thus requiring greater participation from society and universities to achieve digital equity.
Complex and design thinking: proof-of-concept to validate the i4C methodology for improving scientific entrepreneurship skills
(Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2023-11-13) George Reyes, Carlos Enrique; López Caudana, Edgar Omar; Juhani Lavonen, Jari Matti; https://ror.org/03ayjn504; https://ror.org/040af2s02
This article aims to show the results of a proof-of-concept designed to validate a learning method that imbricates complex and design thinking to improve students’ perception of scientific and entrepreneurial skills. Forty-three graduate students from three Latin American universities, 16 from Colombia, 12 from Ecuador, and 15 from Mexico, participated in an online web platform with a virtual tutor to collect the necessary data to do the test. A pretest and posttest questionnaire measured eight dimensions of the various skills related to this type of entrepreneurship. The i4C method, implemented in an extracurricular course, involves circulating through the iterative stages of identifying, ideating, inventing, and informing; it favorably impacted and improved the students' scientific and entrepreneurial skills. The elaboration and validation of the method help students develop strategies to form the skills necessary to participate in a society that demands entrepreneurship. It is a valid tool for training experiences that promote the achievement of entrepreneurial practices.

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