Development of bio-based polymer composites using agro-industrial residues

Abstract

The urgent need to address global warming, deriving from the alarming scale of petroleum-derived plastics pollution and the impact caused by the disposal of numerous agro- industrial residues because of high demand, emphasizes the importance of immediate action. To mitigate this problem, this research is developing a bio-based polymer composite by evaluating it as an alternative for further food packaging as a promising avenue in material studies, specifically in science and as a reaction to the effects of pollution. This preparation, synthesis, and characterization of bio-based polymeric composites comprising Polylactic Acid (PLA) and fillers of by-products of coffee and avocado. PLA, a biodegradable and renewable polymer, is an ideal matrix for these composites, aligning with the global demand for responsible materials. The research encompasses the systematic incorporation (without any coupling agent or plasticizer) of agro-industrial residues into the PLA matrix. Fillers were loaded in PLA from 0.5 to 10 wt.%. The bio-composites were prepared using solvent-cast films and were subjected to a tensile test, FT-IR spectral, TGA, DSC, DLS, XRD, and SEM analysis. The composites’ formation was verified by the use of SEM analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. The resulting composites' analysis reveals enhanced thermal properties compared to virgin PLA; material mostly used in industry. These composites hold promise for applications across the food industry, like disposable and single-use materials and food storage. This bio-based composite can contribute to the global need for eco-friendly materials.