Development of surface modified PLGA nanoparticles with a homing peptide for enhanced particle-cell nanobiointeraction

Abstract

Nanomaterials presents unique physicochemical, optical, and mechanical properties that are related with the large surface area to mass ratio. During the last 20 years nanotechnology have been related with the sciences of life as an alternative to solve problems using novel strategies that are developed based on nanostructures to reach specific targets in the body. Drug delivery of compounds loaded in nanovehicles has become in a special topic of nanomedicine, in which encapsulated compounds in nanomaterials could reach higher yields, due to the protection from degradation or targeting tissue in in vivo models. However, in in vitro models drug delivery in nanostructured materials has been used to develop different proof of concept to boost novels ideas that can be eventually applied in in vivo models. In this work, we study the surface functionalization method of PLGA nanoparticles using different methods of PEGylation for the further modification surface with Ang II. For PVA coated PLGA nanoparticles we obtain an average hydrodynamic diameter for all nanoformulations around 130 nm and negative surface charge, the yield for PEGylation of nanoparticles and surface modification of Ang II resulted undetectable for almost all methods used for characterization (1H-NMR, FTIR and Lowry method of Ang II detection only) and the biologic interactions with cardiac cells of Ang II surface modified PLGA nanoparticles did not present changes regard to non-surface modified PLGA nanoparticles. In contrast, PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles present higher hydrodynamic diameter (150 to 225 nm) and negative surface charge, however, the surface modification using Ang II resulted in higher yields that can be characterized and quantified (13.31 mg of Ang/mg of surface PEG). As we expected the biologic interactions with cardiac cells resulted in higher association of PLGA-b-PEG-Ang II nanoparticles than the unmodified PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles.