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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/345284
Artículo científico o editorial en una publicación periódica académica sujeto a revisión de pares. Cumple con los índices internacionales o bases de datos de amplia cobertura, como el listado del Current Contents, ISI WEB of Knowledge (http://isiknowledge.com/) e índice de revistas mexicanas de CONACYT (www.conacyt.mx/dac/revistas). Éstos indizan y resumen los artículos de revistas seleccionadas, en todas las áreas del saber.
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- From flexibility to adaptive learning: a pre-COVID-19 perspective on distance education in Latin America(Frontiers, 2024-03-13) Miralrio Pineda, Alan Joel; Muñoz Villota, Jessica Genith; Camacho Zuñiga, Claudia; https://ror.org/03ayjn504; https://ror.org/023m5rq87; Nganji, JuliusAt the time of this writing, emerging Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) technologies, such as ChatGPT, Bard, and DALL-E, are shaping education. Despite their great potential for enhancing education, the discussion on the risks for the Society is an ongoing debate. Remote or distance education (DE) in developed countries has evolved in parallel to the permeation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). In Latin America (LATAM), a deep understanding of this interrelated evolution will encourage an efficient implementation of innovative policies, pedagogies, and technologies, including GenAI. This paper presents the historical development of DE in LATAM, drawing connections with milestones along the evolution of ICT in the region. This evolution is described across five generations: Correspondence, Audiovisual, ICTs-based, Web-based, and Interactive. Each generation offered incremental benefits to students, from flexibility and well-designed instructional materials to adaptive, interactive, and cost-effective education. This research encompassed a comprehensive search on Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Latindex, Dialnet, Redalyc, and SciELO with an historical approach. It yielded 97 peer-reviewed articles, books, and reports from recognized international organizations, published in Spanish or English and covering a period spanning from the end of the 19th century to the onset of COVID-19 lockdown. The analysis confirms the critical role of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in LATAM in supporting ICT integration, demonstrating a synergistic interplay with DE. Notwithstanding, the region’s social inequality and digital divide have delayed the full deployment of DE’s advantages, in comparison to USA and Europe. The paper exposes different scenarios and tech-educational requirements of DE, showcasing Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, as well as other countries with smaller populations. Notably, by 2019, Tecnologico de Monterrey in Mexico, and Universidade de São Paulo and Universidade Federal da Paraíba in Brazil have pioneered the implementation of the Fifth Generation of DE in the region. The findings of this research highlight the value of DE as a cost-effective solution to traditional education, addressing social barriers and broadening educational access in LATAM, especially during emergencies. This research poses significant implications that can equip digital technology providers, HEIs, governments, and policymakers as they navigate the ongoing educational challenges.
- Bridging gaps to universal palliative care access in Chile:serious health-related suffering and the cost of expanding the package of care services(Elsevier, 2023-03-01) Pérez Cruz, Pedro Emilio; Undurraga, Eduardo A.; Arreola Ornelas, Hector; Corsi Sotelo, Oscar; Jiang Kwete, Xiao-Xiao; Krakauer, Eric Lewis; Rosa, William E.; Knaul, Felicia Marie; https://ror.org/04teye511; https://ror.org/05mgnvf25; https://ror.org/03ayjn504; https://ror.org/044r51149; https://ror.org/03hwmxn85; https://ror.org/02dgjyy92; https://ror.org/02yrq0923Background The Lancet Commission on Palliative Care (PC) and Pain Relief quantified the burden of serious health-related suffering (SHS), proposing an Essential Package of PC (EPPC) to narrow the global PC divide. We applied the EPPC framework to analyze PC access in Chile, identify gaps in coverage, and provide recommendations to improve PC access.
- Citizen science in Latin America and the global south, part 1(2022-11-21) Piña Romero, Julieta; Reyes Galindo, Luis; Vallejo Novoa, Leopoldo Arturo; Tecnológico de Monterrey; ENES Morelia; Wageningen University; https://ror.org/03ayjn504; https://ror.org/04qw24q55‘Citizen science’ has become an umbrella term for a growing number of projects that introduce laypersons into the heartlands of science-making, and an extension of calls for increasing science ‘democratisation’ and ‘engagement.’ Engagement, and therefore citizen science, may be classified according to its varying degree of institutionalisation (Invernizzi 2020) Top-down approaches which strongly demarcate what laypersons may and should do within scientific projects (e.g. pre-framed data gathering and sorting). Cooperative or counter-hegemonic interactions in which laypersons-institution interaction occurs on more level epistemic terms (e.g. NGO-led science, patient-group data gathering) Science ‘on the margins’, where science and knowledge are created and live out independently from institutions. This special cluster aims to reflexively explore projects of citizen science in Latin America and the Global South, particularly in the first two modes, i.e. when layperson-institutional interaction is a critical component of engagement. We invite papers that include but are not limited to sociological, anthropological or historical case studies; philosophical reflections on epistemological, ontological, cultural, geopolitical and ethical questions raised by citizen science; and discussions on the role that citizen science can play in science policy—including the wide range of diversely-democratic and participatory conceptualisations of science-society relations found in the Global South. Project management and infrastructure-related articles that fully engage with STS topics are also encouraged.
- Trendy urbanists, innovation laboratories and best practices: in pursuit of ‘progressive’ urban planning in Mexico City(Liverpool University Press, 2022-01-01) Whitney, Ryan Anders; Tecnologico de Monterrey; https://ror.org/03ayjn504This research explores the role of trendy urbanists in best practice uptake within an innovation laboratory in Latin America. Trendy urbanists are the privileged professionals who aspire to be on the cutting edge of urban planning, frequently referencing best practice policies and programmes that they see as supporting ‘livable’ and ‘sustainable’ city building. Taking the case of the Laboratory for the City in Mexico City, I illustrate that the preferred best practices of trendy urbanists are reflective of their own privilege. I conclude that, by relying on best practices and trendy urbanists, innovation laboratories are susceptible to fostering inequitable planning outcomes.
- Information and Communication Technologies and Their Impact on Competitiveness in Latin America(MIAR, 2021-01-19) Arredondo Trapero, Florina Guadalupe; Vázquez Parra, José Carlos; Guerra Leal, Eva María; Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyOne of the biggest challenges facing countries today is how to make their economies and industries competitive in the face of significant international rivalry and a globalized environment. Countries are making considerable efforts to boost the factors that make them more competitive, not least of these being the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), a determining factor in global industrial trends. Unfortunately however some countries have lagged behind in terms of ICT implementation, with the Latin American region being a specific example. This article seeks to identify whether there are significant differences between Latin American countries and their main trading partners with respect to ICT adoption, and also with respect to the Global Competitiveness Index (2019) produced by the World Economic Forum. The findings refer to the fact that there is a significant difference in how clusters of various Latin American countries are underpinning competitiveness through ICTs when compared to their main partners.
- The orientation of technological innovation and societal challenges in Latin America(Medwell Journals, 2018) Arredondo-Trapero, Florina Guadalupe; Vázquez-Parra, José Carlos; Villasaña, Marcia; Tecnológico de MonterreyTechnological innovation needs to become more responsive to societal challenges faced by developing nations. This implies taking a closer look at how innovative projects contribute to finding solutions to pressing concerns regarding the environment, health or food. This study investigates the orientation of projects by young innovators in Latin America. For this purpose, a qualitative approach was applied using content analysis to projects granted the MIT Technology Review 35 Innovators Under 35 Award for the period 2011-2016. Findings reveal that projects in Latin America are mostly oriented towards issues related to human wellbeing and social welfare. As expected, Mexico, Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil have the most projects aimed at solving challenges in those dimensions. However, projects categorized as innovations with no practical application represent almost 30% of total projects for the region.