Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Robotic system for three-dimensional culture on curved surfaces using galvanotaxis for the generation of tissues from animal cells(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-01) Castillo Madrigal, Jesús; Chairez Oria, Jorge Isaac; emiggomez, emipsanchez; García Cuéllar, Alejandro Javier; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Guadalajara; Perfecto Avalos, YocanxóchitlDue to the great need to improve the methods of bioprinting processes, the implementation of bioprinting in curved surfaces is needed to reassemble the idea of 3D bioprinting and generate a novel system that could create more complex 3D structures than the ones created by 3D bioprinting in planar surfaces. This work focuses on analyzing the theory needed to implement this nonplanar system in order to develop a successful design that promote the aggregation of cells in a nonplanar surface and maintain the cell’s life. Being able to implement a 3D bioprinting system in curved surfaces is going to help others to design and print more complex structures such as organs with high vascularity. The expected results of this work are to create a prototype based on two dc motors, which allows motion in x and y axis. One of the future possible applications of this prototype is to improve the advancements in the tissue engineering area in order to print more complex structure as the apex of the heart, kidneys and neural tissue.
- Dual bio-printing system for cell deposition of hydrogels using a piston-based controlled nozzle(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022) Castillo Madrigal, Victor; Chairez Oria, Jorge Isaac; mtyahinojosa, emipsanchez; García González, Alejandro; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Guadalajara; Perfecto, YocanxóchitlIn recent years, cell culture has increasingly utilized various 3D scaffolds and hydrogels to promote advanced additive manufacturing within cell culture. Additionally, various types of cell lines have been employed, with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fibroblasts being among the most commonly used. The aim of this project is to design an automated dual bioprinting system for cell culture. This system will deposit both hydrogels and cells sequentially, creating a foundation for biological tissue.Therefore, reducing the probability of cell culture contamination and decreasing human interaction. To achieve the goal, the project was first designed following specific criteria specifications. This was facilitated by previous cell culture training, which helped in better understanding the necessities of the project.After that, the next step involved simulating the device using CAD software (Solidworks) to create a 3D representation of the system's prototype. This prototype consists of three linear actuators (X-Y-Z axis) and two extruders for each deposited material.Then, the fully virtual device is exported to Matlab Simulink in order to simulate a control process with a PD controller in each actuator and extruder using a sine signal as a reference. Finally the crafting of the prototype was achieved operating tools from the metal crafting laboratory, and experimental processes were started. The study evaluated the feasibility of developing a 3D bioprinting machine. The experiment proved that it is possible to replicate the behavior from the simulated space into a real experiment, using a dual bioprinting system for depositing cells with controlled processes. The error from the control process was below 1% in the virtual enviroment meanwhile in reality the error mantain around 3%. As future work is still to validate the system performing biotic tests with a hydrogel made of alginate and as crosslinker calcium chloride. This system can be further applied in automatized cell culture system, bioprinting on no linear surfaces or even as part of a bioreactor system.
- Fabrication of highly perfusable gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) constructs using flow-based strategies(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06-05) Pedroza González, Sara Cristina; TRUJILLO DE SANTIAGO, GRISSEL; 256730; Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel; RR, emipsanchez; González Gamboa, Ivonne; Mertgen, Anne-Sophie; De Santiago Miramontes, Ma. de los Ángeles; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Álvarez, Mario MoisésOne of the most important challenges when engineering tissues in vitro is the creation of viable thick constructs. The diffusion of gas and nutrients severely limits the size of engineered constructs. Therefore, the incorporation of perfusable lumen structures within thick engineered tissues is needed for enabling gas exchange, perfusion of nutrients, and waste removal down to the depth of the tissue. Current biofabrication techniques used to create perfusable networks in thick 3D constructs are limited in resolution and control, and they require sophisticated or expensive tools. In this work, we propose a simple technique to develop perfusable hydrogel constructs based on the use of a 3D flow-based biofabrication technique, namely the mini Journal Bearing (mJB), and by employing sacrificial inks. Through the action of regular flows induced in a mJB and the flow-advection of two different hydrogels, we created constructs with an internal sacrificial structure. We used gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) as a permanent hydrogel matrix, and a drop (100 µL) of gelatin as a fugitive ink/bioink. Here we present a thorough characterization of the microarchitecture and porosity of these constructs. Especially, we demonstrated how permeability increased within these constructs. Additionally, aiming to mimic the architectural complexity of natural tissues, we added nanotopographical cues to our constructs by the incorporation of elongated flexuous plant viruses, namely Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV). We conducted our in vitro experiments using myoblasts cells as a biological model and characterized their biological response through time. We fabricated three different types of cell-laden-constructs: GelMA with suspended cells, GelMA with a gelatin ink loaded with cells, and GelMA with a gelatin ink loaded with cells and TuMV. Cells were able to grow faster and for longer in GelMA/gelatin constructs than in pristine-GelMA constructs. While an intricate network of cells was developed after 28 days of culture within permeabilized GelMA/gelatin constructs, only surface proliferation was observed in dense constructs made exclusively with GelMA. The use of GelMA/gelatin-TuMV had an evident morphological effect on cell attachment and proliferation. TuMV 3D meshes providing additional scaffolding within the lumina. While myoblast alignment was strongly evident in GelMA/gelatin where cells adhered mainly to the lamellae walls, in GelMA/gelatin-TuMV constructs, cells alignment was attenuated by interaction with the 3D micromesh of TuMV.
- Design and fabrication of bioreactors for tissue engineering(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06) González Abrego, Ana Valeria; Rodríguez González, Ciro A.; lagdtorre/tolmquevedo; Martínez López, José Israel; Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel; Moisés Álvarez, Mario; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Dean, DavidTissue engineering (TE) has provided new techniques to create better tissue models, for study or to solve actual medical problems. Combining TE with design and 3D manufacture techniques can achieve devices that improve actual models. 3D tissue models present a diffusion problem that causes cell death because of the lack of oxygen and nutrients and the concentration of cell waste. Proving flow to the constructs can facilitate perfusion and enhance tissue. To do so, this document presents the designs and prototype development of two bioreactors, with the objective of diminishing necrotic core to create relevant implantable bone tissue and a more realistic breast cancer model. Using DLP and commercially available parts, designs were prototyped and validated.
- Biofabrication of nanoenhanced hydrogel fibers for muscle tissue engineering using surface chaotic flows: Chaotic 2D-printing(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020) Frías Sánchez, Ada Itzel; TRUJILLO DE SANTIAGO, GRISSEL; 256730; FRIAS SANCHEZ, ADA ITZEL; 887018; ALVAREZ, MARIO MOISES; 26048; Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel; RR; Tamayol, Ali; Ponz Ascaso, Fernando; Samandari, Mohamadmahdi; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Alvarez, Mario MoisésMultiple human tissues exhibit a fibrous nature. Therefore, the fabrication of hydrogel filaments for biomedical engineering applications is a trending topic. Current tissue models are made of materials that often require further enhancement for appropriate cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Here we present a simple strategy, based on the use of mathematically modelable surface chaotic flows, to fabricate continuous, long and thin filaments of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) added with Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) for enhanced muscle tissue engineering. The fabrication of these filaments was achieved by chaotic advection in a finely controlled and miniaturized version of the journal bearing (JB) system. A drop of a pre-gel solution of GelMA was injected on a higher-density viscous fluid (glycerin) and a chaotic flow was applied through an iterative process. The hydrogel drop exponentially deformed and elongated to generate a fiber, which was then photocrosslinked under exposure to UV light. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted for the design and prediction of our results. GelMA fibers were then used as scaffolds for C2C12 myoblast cells, and the effect of adding plant-based viral nanoparticles (VNP) to the hydrogel fibers as nano-scaffolds for cellular growth was evaluated. Chaotic 2D-printing was proven to be a viable method for the fabrication of hydrogel fibers. CFD simulations accurately predicted the lengths of the printed fibers, and a correlation coefficient of R2=0.9289 was determined from the experimental and simulated data of the first two cycles. The hydrogel fibers were effective scaffolds for muscle cells and show potential to be used as cost-effective models for muscle tissue engineering purposes. TuMV significantly increased the metabolic activity of the cell-seeded fibers (p<0.05), strengthened cell attachment throughout the first 28 days, improved cell alignment to ~50%, and promoted the generation of structures that resemble natural mammal muscle tissue.