Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Extraction and evaluation of glucosinolates from broccoli (Brassica oleracea) seeds and the scale-up evaluation for industrial production(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-06-03) Bojórquez Rodríguez, Erika Melissa; Serna Saldívar, Sergio Román Othón; puemcuervo, emimayorquin; Guajardo Flores, Daniel; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Jacobo Velázquez, Daniel AlbertoBroccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica) is a popular vegetable with unique nutritional characteristics. During the last decade, the consumption of broccoli increased since it has shown great potential to prevent and treat different chronic- degenerative diseases. These characteristics are mainly due to glucosinolates (sulfur-containing glycosides) and their enzymatic degradation metabolites (isothiocyanates). Despite all these beneficial effects, glucosinolates have shown low stability during digestive process, absorbing just a little part of the fraction consumed. Moreover, due to the properties of glucosinolates against chronic diseases, dietary supplements rich in these compounds have been developed. The objective of this study was to evaluate different bioprocess conditions for the extraction of glucosinolates from broccoli (brassica oleracea) and use the extracted compounds for the formulation of a dietary supplement. The first study evaluated combinations of temperature (15, 25, 40, 55, 64 oC), ethanol-water concentration (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%), and sample:solvent ratio (1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35 w/v) on the extraction of glucosinolates from broccoli sprouts. Glucosinolates were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The treatment with 40oC, 50% ethanol/water (v/v), 1:35 (w/v) in broccoli sprouts generated the highest extraction of total glucosinolates (100,094 ± 9016 mg/kg 6 DW). Results indicated that ethanol percentage was the factor that had the greatest impact on glucosinolate extraction (p<0.05). In the second study, the aim was to obtain an extract rich in glucosinolates from broccoli seeds using the optimal conditions obtained from the first study. The extract was incorporated into a capsule formulation and further characterization of the capsule using in vitro digestion techniques and stability test. Results indicated that the total glucosinolate concentration was 66,874 mg/kg DW for broccoli seed extract and 33,818 mg/kg DW for the formulated powder. Furthermore, the in vitro digestion was performed comparing dried seeds, extract from broccoli seeds and the formulated capsule. Loses in all levels of individual and total glucosinolates were found, considering the fractions submitted to digestion., finding that the formulated capsule was the one that showed the highest final glucosinolate concentration for all the identified compounds. Furthermore, stability test was carried out using the formulated capsule, at 25 and 40oC for thirty days. Results showed that there were not significant changes in contents of the bioactives when compared with the initial time (p<0.05). With the results obtained in the present study, it is suggested to extract phytochemicals from the seed compared instead of sprouts at an industrial level. In addition, it was observed that germination reduces the amount of glucoraphanin in the final extract. Finally, it was possible to obtain extracts rich in glucosinolates ready for the scalability process and preparation of dietary supplements with possible application in the prevention and treatment of chronic- degenerative diseases.
- Optimization in the isolation and purification procedure of pristimerin, an anticancerigen, by Aqueous Two-phase Systems(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-11) González Félix, Martha Alicia; González Valdez, José Guillermo; puemcuervo; Ibarra Herrera, Celeste Concepción; González Torres, Maykel; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Mejía Manzano, Luis AlbertoThe natural triterpene pristimerin possesses interesting potential against several types of cancer. However, its production at industrial levels requires novel environmentally friendly and efficient extraction procedures. Here we analyze an ethanol-phosphate Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (ATPS) and its design parameters such as Tie-Line Length (TLL) and volume ratio (VR) on the direct extraction of pristimerin, concluding that high TLL 70 % (w/w) and a low VR (0.33) values provide the best extraction yield and purity. Partition experiments provided a compound KP value of 3.12 ± 1.21, reaffirming its preference for the ethanolic-rich phase. Besides, green assessment positioned the extraction in the classification A with 90.93 of 100 points. Furthermore, analysis at different laboratory scales (1X, 10X and 100X) demonstrated the scalability and robustness. Finally, a complete bioprocess based on the obtained results is suggested as a tool to address the pharmaceutical potential of this molecule in a sustainable and efficient manner.
- Scale-up of a competitive and low-cost medium for prodigiosin production in a S. marcescens culture using biphasic systems as an integrated in-situ recovery process(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06-15) Salas Villalobos, Ulises Andrés; AGUILAR JIMENEZ, OSCAR ALEJANDRO; 278440; Aguilar Jiménez, Oscar Alejandro; ilquio; Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Castillo Reyna, JosefinaProduct inhibition is an undesirable effect during fermentation that causes not only low yields but also a reduction in bioproduction feasibility of certain molecules. Prodigiosin is a secondary metabolite with an intense red produced by different strains of Serratia marcescens. Several in-vitro activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, immunosuppressive, anti-malaria and bio-colorant properties, make it particularly attractive to the pharmaceutical, food and textile industries. However, production of this natural alkaloid can be dramatically affected by media components and its antimicrobial activity causes end-product inhibition, additional to the complexity of typical production media making downstream processing complex and thus increasing the final cost of the purified product. In this study an optimization of a low-cost media using different sources and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen were performed. Extractive fermentation was evaluated as an integrated recovery strategy by coupling the upstream stage with different volumes of mineral oil as an extractive phase and we addressed the feasibility of scaling-up such extractive fermentation using batch and continuous processes modes. Peanut and defatted soybean meal in a 40 g/L - 5.25 g/L ratio, at 25 °C, achieved the best results, obtaining 584 mg/L of prodigiosin. The coupling of the medium with mineral oil at a 5% v/v presented a 1.12-fold in the prodigiosin content, which represents a change from 674 mg/L to 756 mg/L; and a 2-fold in cell growth. At scale-up tests, prodigiosin direct extraction produced in batch mode resulted in a prodigiosin concentration of 1282 mg/L. While continuous fermentation reached a concentration of 493 mg/L in steady state, which represents a 1.5-fold in the production rate compared to batch. A mathematical model, using Logistic and Luedeking-Piret equation was used to describe the microbial growth and product to correlate biomass and pigment production, obtaining correlation coefficients above 0.9747. The obtained results provide an opportunity to enhance prodigiosin production at the industrial level by alleviating end-product inhibition phenomenon using a two-phase system for in-situ primary recovery and putting in perspective with an economical approach. Also, this proposed strategy opens the possibility to transfer this experimental approach, for the recovery of several other hydrophobic molecules.