Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- The augmented robotic cell: design and implementation of a testing cell that incorporates mixed reality and iot(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-06-20) Tavares Rodríguez, José Alberto; TAVARES RODRIGUEZ, JOSE ALBERTO; 835771; Urbina Coronado, Pedro Daniel; puelquio/mscuervo; Orta Castañón, Pedro; Ahuett Garza, Horacio; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyMixed Reality (MR) has the potential to be one of the key technologies aligned with the Industry 4.0 principles that many companies around the world are adopting. This technology, combined with the Internet of Things and the enhanced capabilities introduced by the Cyber-Physical Systems, can contribute to building a collaborative industrial environment. The integration of these concepts represents a new tool to improve and accelerate human-machine communication through digitalization and the connectivity between devices. Currently, many of the equipment employed within the Manufacturing Industry demand a minimum level of knowledge and experience for them to be used. In some cases, this can lead to the specialization of workers, which can have some advantages like reducing human error and operation time. However, this can also decrease the worker’s flexibility for performing different tasks or using other equipment than the ones it is used to. Besides, the learning process is commonly time-consuming and costly, and the risk of errors is not entirely eradicated. MR technologies, especially Augmented Reality (AR), can solve this issue by creating a virtual environment that can be used for training purposes or guidance while performing different tasks. AR makes it possible to merge the real world with the digital world, providing digital tools that enhance the visualization of valuable and easy-to-understand information in real-time. This can provide feedback to the user so the process can be better understood and help identifying possible improvements and failures while ensuring a safer environment for the worker. Although being a technology with many possible benefits, it is relatively new and comes with limitations that are yet to be overcome before being fully exploited. Therefore, it is crucial to study the current state of this technology in terms of capabilities, the feasibility of its integration for industrial applications, and the expected performance in this environment. This research work aims to implement an Augmented Robotic Cell that integrates AR technology with IoT. The system is used to test a 3D printed Compliant Mechanism, obtain data from this process, and display important information in an MR environment in near real-time. The AR device is able to retrieve relevant information from the Physical System and display it to the user while allowing him to interact with it.
- The identification of DoS and DDoS attacks to IoT devices in software defined networks by using machine learning and deep learning models(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-05) Almaraz Rivera, Josué Genaro; PEREZ DIAZ, JESUS ARTURO; 31169; Pérez Díaz, Jesús Arturo; puelquio/mscuervo; Trejo Rodríguez, Luis Ángel; Botero Vega, Juan Felipe; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Cantoral Ceballos, José AntonioThis thesis project explores and improves the current state of the art about detection techniques for Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks to Internet of Things (IoT) devices in Software Defined Networks (SDN), which as far as is known, is a big problem that network providers and data centers are still facing. Our planned solution for this problem started with the selection of strong Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models from the current literature (such as Decision Trees and Recurrent Neural Networks), and their further evaluation under three feature sets from our balanced version of the Bot-IoT dataset, in order to evaluate the effects of different variables and avoid the dependencies produced by the Argus flow data generator. With this evaluation we achieved an average accuracy greater than 99% for binary and multiclass classifications, leveraging the categories and subcategories present in the Bot-IoT dataset, for the detection and identification of DDoS attacks based on Transport (UDP, TCP) and Application layer (HTTP) protocols. To extend the capacity of this Intrusion Detection System (IDS) we did a research stay in Colombia, with Universidad de Antioquia and in collaboration with Aligo (a cybersecurity company from Medellín). There, we created a new dataset based on real normal and attack traffic to physical IoT devices: the LATAM-DDoS-IoT dataset. We conducted binary and multiclass classifications with the DoS and the DDoS versions of this new dataset, getting an average accuracy of 99.967% and 98.872%, respectively. Then, we did two additional experiments combining our balanced version of the Bot-IoT dataset, applying transfer learning and a datasets concatenation, showing the differences between both domains and the generalization level we accomplished. Finally, we deployed our extended IDS (as a functional app built in Java and connected to an own cloud-hosted Python REST API) into a real-time SDN simulated environment, based on the Open Network Operating System (ONOS) controller and Mininet. We got a best accuracy of 94.608%, where 100% of the flows identified as attackers were correctly classified, and 91.406% of the attack flows were detected. This app can be further enhanced with the creation of an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) as mitigation management strategy to stop the identified attackers.
- Towards a digital twin by merging discrete event simulations, augmented reality and the internet of things(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06-15) Valdivia Puga, José Abraham; URBINA CORONADO, PEDRO DANIEL; 298324; Urbina Coronado, Pedro Daniel; ilquio, emipsanchez; Ahuetl Garza, Horacio; Orta Castañón, Pedro Antonio; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyThis work presents the creation and implementation of an augmented reality system to a partial digital twin for a manufacturing process through the application of discrete event simulations, IoT tools and communication protocols in an industrial environment through a mobile app presentation. This approach will take a non-connected manufacturing process and adapt it to a smart factory environment creating an intercommunicated DES system with IoT and augmented reality capabilities. This approach was achieved using a real study case which consists in a machine generating items from a percentage of the input material while the rest of the material is stored in a recovery chamber to use it again in another item creation. This process was used as an example to create a partial digital twin and implement all the tools mentioned before. This work will allow to know all the process parameters, data related to the process like cycle time, number of pieces, time per process status, etc., this information will be used to create a system in which a real-time visualization of the process and its data can be performed through the use of augmented reality tools achieved by Unity 3D software. This approach will help to create a visualization for the partial digital twin, its process and results in a real context and even allow the user to modify its conditions before their implementation through a user interface, allowing to create an infrastructure that support different scenarios, process optimizations, and know possible future conditions.
- Design and validation of an IoT platform with adaptive data logging for remote real time monitoring of rapid changing variables in indoors and outdoors environments(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-05-14) López Hernández, José Yael; CAMACHO LEON, SERGIO; 213140; LOPEZ HERNANDEZ, JOSE YAEL; 888357; VAZQUEZ PIÑON, MATIAS; 299241; MENDOZA BUENROSTRO, CHRISTIAN CARLOS; 295935; Camacho León, Sergio; Vázquez Piñón, Matias; Mendoza Buenrostro, Christian Carlos; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyThis thesis addresses the impact of Internet of Things (IoT) development as well as its growing importance in the industry of big economies like China and shows the development of an IoT platform for real-time data acquisition and display on a web page. From the beginning of this decade, the Chinese government has been focusing on the development of new technologies like IoT devices and services by investing in fast-growing cities through the implementation of the so-called "Science Cities". A research carried out in China, that had as scope the use of IoT technologies, resulting in the knowledge that there is a need of the development of IoT devices to fulfill the industry requirements, thus a prototype for remote data monitoring using a microcontroller capable to connect to Wi-Fi networks is proposed. The system prototype that was developed is based on a client-server architecture following a Device-To- Gateway communication model using on-the-shelf components for the measurement of humidity and temperature as well as acquiring Global Position System (GPS) information. For this system, a web page interface was designed to display the collected readings. The maintenance, accuracy, and consistency of data, referring to the data integrity, was obtained in every test performed using the system prototype. This prototype was tested in static indoor environments, where the devices did not change their location during the test, and dynamic outdoor environments, where the devices were shifting locations during the test. The obtaining _findings of the prototype performance show 94.76% of data integrity on the indoor static test and 76.76% using the web page in the same conditions. On the other hand, the outdoor dynamic test achieved a maximum of 44.66% of data integrity, which dropped to 17.24% by using the web page. It is observed how the use of the web page results in a decrease of the data integrity mostly because of the network compatibility between the Wi-Fi device and frequency bands that the network vendor uses to connect to the internet. A test performed using an adaptive method, where the temperature was constantly being modified, resulted in an increase in the efficiency of how the data is saved in the storage device achieving a data reduction of 74% and a final Comma-Separated Values (CSV) _le size decrease of 75%. The data acquired is then used for further processing by calculating the position based on the GPS latitude and longitude, the velocity using an approach with backward differences and acceleration using an approach with centered differences. The experimental results show that the IoT system prototype can be used for the measurements of environmental variables on indoor and outdoor applications.
- Comparative analysis of power consumption between MQTT and HTTP protocols for an IoT platform designed and implemented for remote real-time monitoring of long-term cold chain transport operations.(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020) Jara Ochoa, Heriberto Javier; CAMACHO LEON, SERGIO; 213140; JARA OCHOA, HERIBERTO JAVIER; 852655; VAZQUEZ PIÑON, MATIAS; 299241; CESPEDES MOTA, ARMANDO; 53083; Camacho León, Sergio; RR; Vázquez Piñón, Matias; Céspedes Mota, Armando; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyIn the actual world, huge technological advances in the IoT area have been developed in the course of the last few years. IoT systems have had an exponential growth and have contributed to the development of novel applications in industries, health, wearables, domotics, smart supply chains, logistics, among many others. Nowadays, IoT technological solutions have been invented and developed for the transport industry to monitor vehicles speed, avoid accidents, choose better routes, track supply chains, monitor load conditions, among others. The development and production of IoT devices in portable systems brings with it an increase in the importance of power consumption. For this, as alternatives to reduce power wastage, many communication protocols have been tested such as HTTP with the client-server model and MQTT with the publisher-subscriber model. In this thesis project, the prototype is intended to work on ground cargo transport to monitor temperature and humidity values of the load, and vehicle's location. Temperature, humidity and location variables are sent in real-time via Wi-Fi to a MySQL database and either to a web server created by the NodeMCU microcontroller or to a cloud-based broker. The experimentation is done in both HTTP and MQTT communication protocols in order to make a comparison and demonstrate the differences in power consumption. First, in this thesis project, research was made in the city of Hangzhou, considered as the capital of e-commerce in China, having as main scope the use of IoT technology and services in a first world country such as China. China has had an important growth in the number of IoT connections over the last 5 years, and in this thesis is pretended to make an analysis of the IoT technology in industries either because IoT solutions are used to be sold or to be implemented in manufacturing processes. In order to locate the area where IoT technology abounds, according to the results of the field investigation, most of the IoT companies which were analyzed in Hangzhou, are focused on mechanical and industrial engineering areas which have been inaugurated between the years 2000 - 2011. Most of these companies have between 51 and 200 employees and earn around 1 to 2.5 millions of dollars in a year. In the prototype developed in this thesis, a design and validation of an electronic platform system for remote real-time monitoring is proposed using the ESP8266 microcontroller. ESP8266 is a very complete wireless microcontroller, which can be used for many purposes and can work with Wi-Fi technology. Besides, its low-cost and its easy of working make it a good solution in IoT problems. The system is able to detect the humidity and temperature of the environment with a DHT11 sensor, and detect the actual location with a NEO-6M GPS sensor. The collected information is saved in a MicroSD Card, displayed in a LCD and sent through HTTP or MQTT protocol to a web server where the data can be visualized in real-time with respective indicators and a dynamic map. Also, the information of the sensor readings are sent to a MySQL database. The server in HTTP protocol is built by the ESP8266 microcontroller, while in the MQTT protocol, ESP8266 is used to communicate with the specialized cloud-based broker Adafruit IO. A device-to-gateway model was used in the MQTT protocol where the Adafruit IO cloud-based broker acts as a cloud-based gateway. Since MQTT protocol is associated as the main communication protocol in IoT, it is imperative to explore and analyze the power consumption of this protocol with different conditions. The experimentation is done in HTTP protocol and in MQTT protocol with different QoS levels in order to make a comparison and demonstrate the differences in power consumption. The experimentation in MQTT protocol with QoS 0 and 1 was successful resulting in power savings of 6.03% and 8.33% respectively, compared with HTTP protocol, representing many hours more in the duration of the battery, which can be very useful in technological solutions for the transport industry.