Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Earthquake response in mega cities: A mathematical model for the selection of relief shelters in the Valley of Mexico and a qualitative assessment for Istanbul, Turkey(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-06) Huerta De Rubín, José Gerardo; Mora Vargas, Jaime; emimmayorquin; Akhavan-Tabatabaei, Raha; Santos Borbolla, Cipriano Arturo; González Mendoza, Miguel; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Ciudad de México; Serrato García, Marco AntonioNatural disasters represent challenging situations globally, with earthquakes being some of the most devastating type of disasters. The difficulties to cope with them arise in contexts like mega cities, large urban agglomerations where the population dynamics make seismic disaster more struggling. In this sense, the use of humanitarian logistics techniques is an effective way to provide solutions in these contexts. In this thesis, a mathematical model is developed and used to support the selection of relief shelters from a set of potential locations. The model aims to minimize both the distances between the affected areas and the chosen shelter locations, as well as the costs of adapting the selected locations into relief shelters. The model was applied to different instances, from a small controlled one to understand and validate the way the model works, to scenarios with dimensions similar to (and even larger than) mega cities. The application of the model considered both real information gathered from a mega city in a seismic region (the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico; formed by Mexico City and several municipalities in the surrounding States of Mexico and Hidalgo), and simulated data based on the real one to face the difficulties to obtain all the required real data. Once the results were obtained for every model, a graphical tool was used to visualize them. That tool is ©QGIS, an open source Geographic Information System that allows to create maps using the resulting data from the application of the models. This visualization of results permits to identify if the results seem practical and reasonable, and represent a powerful tool to sustain the decision making after an earthquake. Finally, this work also contains a qualitative assessment of the circumstances of a different mega city with seismic danger: Istanbul, focused on a brief summary of the Istanbul Seismic Risk Mitigation and Emergency Preparedness Project (ISMEP); a document related to the way of coping with earthquakes in a different mega city located in a very seismic region.
- A multiobjective mathematical model for a multimodal transportation problem in Humanitarian Logistics(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-03) Romero Mancilla, Marisol Sarai; HERNANDEZ RUIZ, KENNETH EDGAR; 331807; Hernández Ruiz, Kenneth Edgar; emipsanchez; Leal Coronado, Mariel Adriana; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de México; Huerta Muñoz, Diana LucíaFrom 2001 to 2013, 4 out of 32 major public health emergencies worldwide were caused by earthquakes. The destruction caused by earthquakes generates problems like lack of shelters to accommodate people, food, and water shortage, but above all, the need to distribute emergency supplies for the most affected people when the roads are damaged (Lurie et al., 2013). The research papers Drone Delivery Models for Healthcare (Scott & Scott, 2017) and A metaheuristic algorithm to solve the selection of transportation channels in supply chain design (Olivares-Benitez et al., 2013) were of great influence in the development of this project. The purpose of this research is to formulate a mathematical model that minimizes the delivery time and the transportation costs of emergency medical supplies in the most critical stage of an earthquake, to save as many lives as possible. Moreover, this study pretends to encourage other researchers to expand the area of knowledge in Humanitarian Logistics. To fulfill the aforementioned, a mathematical model that incorporates the combination of land and air transportation was developed and solved with the optimization software Gurobi. Subsequently, the model was applied to a case study and to analyze the results, a Pareto Front was constructed. To taste the efficiency of the model, instances of different sizes were used. The results ratified the relevance of the study, showing an inverse relationship between transportation costs and delivery time, on the flip side, the model performed a in shorter CPU time with medium and small instances than with large instances.