Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Virtual architecture of the automation pyramid based on the digital twin(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-05-30) Martinez Galicia, Edwin Mauricio; PONCE CRUZ, PEDRO; 31857; Ponce Cruz, Pedro; emipsanchez; López Caudana, Édgar Omar; Soriano Avendaño, Luis Arturo; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Ciudad de México; Molina Gutiérrez, ArturoIndustry 4.0 has been empowered by new emerging technologies to improve the competitiveness in companies. One of these technologies is the digital twin (DT) which is an advanced virtual model that enables to predict, detect and classify normal and abnormal operating conditions in a factory or a particular production process to improve the features of a physical system. On the other hand, the manufacturing processes generally follow standards to segment and distribute their processes, information, and implementation areas. Among the most widely recognized standards in the manufacturing industry is the ISA-95 standard that incorporates the business functions and control systems performed in a company with the objective to enhance the implementation of interfaces between business and control systems. Some architectures, as the Automation Pyramid (AP), hierarchically place the elements that take part in a manufacturing process, from the basic elements such as sensors and actuators, to the decision-making systems, whose functions and shared information are defined in the ISA-95 standard. In industry, one of the main functions of decision-making systems, such as the Manufacturing Execution System (MES), is to provide critical data in real-time at the operational level to increase productivity and process capability of the manufacturing process. However, these systems usually do not have capabilities to offer a prompt/autonomous/learning-based response to face unpredicted changes in the course of operating resources. Therefore, when a fault condition occurs, not only quick responses are required but also predictive information to prevent future failure scenarios. Thus, this work proposes to provide responsiveness to decision-making levels in the face of unforeseen scenarios, through the incorporation of intelligent algorithms. The main objectives of this thesis are presented below: To propose a complete Virtual Architecture of the Automation Pyramid based on the Digital Twin: This enables the simulation of scenarios with elements from the shop-floor to the management levels, considering the advantages that the DT provides. To align the proposal with international standards: The model is driven by the ISA-95 standard incorporating the functions and information flow defined in it for decision-making levels. %Thus, the decision-making process is into an automation dynamic loop. To provide learning capabilities to the decision-making systems through artificial neural networks, incorporated in a model based on the DT concept: Since neural networks are able to learn and generalize knowledge, they can learn specific conditions for helping the decision-making process. Evaluate a manufacturing system for educational purposes through the proposed model: The parts of the virtual model of the AP will be identified in a manufacturing cell system used for education at Tec de Monterrey. Its components will be evaluated within the framework of the proposed architecture and the elements to complete the virtual model of the AP will be identified. As a result, this work proposes the complete virtual model of the Automation Pyramid based on the concept of the Digital Twin, where it is proposed to add autonomy capabilities to the decision-making levels through neural networks. The proposed model is aligned with the international standard ISA-95 as an alternative to be applied directly to a process or factory that can be based on the standard.
- Towards a digital twin lifecycle management framework(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-12-03) Villegas Torres, Luis Felipe; ROMERO DIAZ, DAVID CARLOS; 2219178; Romero Díaz, David Carlos; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel; Vazquez Lepe, Elisa Virginia; Bustamante Bello, Martín Rogelio; Urbina Coronado, Pedro Daniel; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de MéxicoSmart Manufacturing has become one of the most important strategic priorities for manufacturing industries since it plays an important role in Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet. Sensors and data transmission technologies are starting to be used most commonly to collect data at different stages of the product lifecycle, including product design, manufacturing, distribution, maintenance, and recycling. Big data analysis can enable the use of data to discover the causes of failures, simplify the supply chain, optimize product performance, improve production efficiency, etc. But to achieve these goals, they should first be able to overcome the challenge of connecting the physical product with its virtual product. The rapid development of advanced emerging technologies such as simulation, data acquisition, and data communication has helped to hold data synchronization between the physical product and the virtual product. In this way, is how Digital Twins (DT) came up to state the interactions between physical product and virtual product through a main channel called “Digital Thread” and generate the desired value from the captured data. Digital Twins, as an evolution of a cyber-physical system, has been paid more and more attention by academia and industry. DT can integrate physical and virtual data throughout the product lifecycle, thereby generating massive amounts of data that can be processed through advanced analysis. The results of the analysis can then be used to improve the performance of the product/process in the physical space. Being a relatively new concept, it lacks standards that homogenize the definition, maturity model, lifecycle, etc. among academic and industrial researchers. In this thesis, after conducting an exploration of the state-of-the-art, it was found that there is a need to make a first effort to establish a framework that guides DT designers throughout the entire lifecycle of a Digital Twin. This thesis presents a first approach towards a Digital Twin Lifecycle Management Framework that is sufficiently robust and comprehensive for its application in different use cases within the industry.
- Towards a digital twin by merging discrete event simulations, augmented reality and the internet of things(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06-15) Valdivia Puga, José Abraham; URBINA CORONADO, PEDRO DANIEL; 298324; Urbina Coronado, Pedro Daniel; ilquio, emipsanchez; Ahuetl Garza, Horacio; Orta Castañón, Pedro Antonio; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyThis work presents the creation and implementation of an augmented reality system to a partial digital twin for a manufacturing process through the application of discrete event simulations, IoT tools and communication protocols in an industrial environment through a mobile app presentation. This approach will take a non-connected manufacturing process and adapt it to a smart factory environment creating an intercommunicated DES system with IoT and augmented reality capabilities. This approach was achieved using a real study case which consists in a machine generating items from a percentage of the input material while the rest of the material is stored in a recovery chamber to use it again in another item creation. This process was used as an example to create a partial digital twin and implement all the tools mentioned before. This work will allow to know all the process parameters, data related to the process like cycle time, number of pieces, time per process status, etc., this information will be used to create a system in which a real-time visualization of the process and its data can be performed through the use of augmented reality tools achieved by Unity 3D software. This approach will help to create a visualization for the partial digital twin, its process and results in a real context and even allow the user to modify its conditions before their implementation through a user interface, allowing to create an infrastructure that support different scenarios, process optimizations, and know possible future conditions.