Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Use of modified biopolymer for the removal of emerging contaminants in wáter(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-11-15) Ramírez Miguel, Alvaro Cuauhtemoc; Almanza Arjona, Yara Cecilia; emipsanchez; Murillo Hernández, José Alberto; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de México; Sánchez Rodríguez, Elvia PatriciaThis thesis explores the development and application of modified biopolymers for sustainable water treatment, focusing on improving the removal of contaminants while aligning with principles of green chemistry. The research aims to develop a novel material to mitigate the environmental effect of conventional water treatment processes by introducing a more environmentally friendly alternative. The chemical modification of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) involves grafting the biopolymer with Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride (DADMAC) using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) as an initiator and microwave irradiation to enhance its coagulation and adsorption capabilities. Characterization techniques, including Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA) confirmed the successful grafting and provided insights into the material’s structural and chemical properties. Performance evaluations demonstrated improved removal of the emerging pollutants paracetamol and Red 40 dye, highlighting the potential of MCC-DADMAC as a novel approach in water treatment applications. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to develop eco-friendly alternatives in water purification, leveraging biopolymers from agro-industrial waste and advancing the field towards more sustainable practices.
- Mathematical modeling of the enzymatic saccharification process of lignocellulosic biowaste(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-11) Fedeli, Vittorio; Mata Gómez, Marco Arnulfo; tolmquevedo; Calderón Oliver, Mariel; Aguilar Jiménez, Oscar Alejandro; School of Engineering and Science; Campus Monterrey; Gómez Sánchez, Carlos EduardoLignocellulose is a biowaste produced in large quantities by industries; approximately 181.5 billion tons are produced annually in the world. This makes this type of residue a qualifiable candidate resource of energy, which nowadays, is underutilized. It is estimated that the food processing industry produces around 1.3 billion tons per year. In Mexico, the craft beer industry produces 3.8 thousand tons per year of brewers' spent grain. Being Mexico's fastest-growing industry, it can be considered a suitable source of biowaste. Brewers spent grain is considered a lignocellulosic material, which possesses a complicated structure containing lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. Due to its complexity, diversity, and recalcitrance to degradation, specific pretreatments to degrade it have been developed, such as biological, chemical, physical, and physicochemical. Notwithstanding, in nature, fungi are well-known microorganisms capable of degrading it through a tremendous battery of enzymes that are secreted in an ordered and systematic fashion. Nonetheless, the full understanding of this process, and the order in which each enzyme acts on lignocellulose, is far to be elucidated. Therefore, the present thesis aims to develop fungi bio-inspired mechanistic mathematical model capable of describing the enzymatic degradation process of lignocellulose biomass (brewers spent grain) and evaluate it through different experiments. Sequential addition of enzymes to biowaste, as well as experiments involving the addition of a pool without key enzymes that were further added at a specific time, were evaluated. Overall, results revealed that the lignin is not the most resilient and dense layer of lignocellulose as it has been believed. On the contrary, it seems lignin forms pore-like structures and diffuses through all different layers of this substrate. When hemicellulases (xylanases and pectinases) were not present in the enzyme pool, the reaction was not favored, indicating the importance of this polymer in lignin structure. These results gave an idea of how fungi work in nature and how the polymer layers are organized in lignin. However, to fully confirm these findings, more tests need to be performed to generate a robust and proven mechanistic mathematical model, enabling us to lay the foundations of a potential industrial-scale process.
