Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Sloshing analysis of a fuel tank using the moving particle semi-implicit method(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2025-07) González Sanoja, Alejandra Jazmín; Castilleja Escobedo, Orlando; emipsanchez; Probst, Oliver Matthias; Miramontes, Jesús Orlando; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Delgado, ArturoComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has allowed engineers to simulate a great number of complex problems that otherwise could not be solved theoretically. However, certain applications have been reduced to complex simulations that were believed to be impossible to perform. In recent years, new particle-based methods such as smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and moving particle semi-implicit method have allowed a re-review of these applications, and one clear example of their newly found avail- able execution is the sloshing simulations. This dissertation focuses on the development of a new capability that exploits particle-based simulation advantages, specifically to study sloshing forces on fuel tanks in combines machinery. A theoretical review on the mathematical framework for such methods was performed in order to comprehend the basics behind these simulation softwares, along with a discussion on their advantages and limitations of such methods. Then a sloshing benchmark study with a sensitivity test is conducted to analyze distinct features within the Particleworks software. A high correlation between lab data and simulation data was found, establishing confidence and expertise for the following fuel tank analysis. Images at different time-steps and pressure mapping for three fuel level cases are presented on the tank analysis. Finally, a volume-of-fraction (VoF) method comparison is also provided.
- Design of thermoelectric heat exchangers for additive manufacturing(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-06-14) Abrego Flores, Oscar Enrique; Rodríguez, Ciro Ángel; emimmayorquin; Cedeño, Luis Daniel; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Martínez, José IsraelThis document presents the thesis of the Design of Heat Exchangers with Additive Manufacturing for Thermoelectric Module Systems for the Master of Science with major in Manufacturing Systems at Tecnológico de Monterrey. This study investigates the overall performance and manufacturing process for a heat exchanger equipped with a thermoelectric module (TEM) for cooling systems. A TEM system is a solid-state power converter consisting of an array of thermocouples connected electrically in series and thermally in parallel. Normally, it is used as an arrangement of many TE modules connected electrically in series and thermally in parallel to maximize the results. However, when it is desired to cool other components, a heat exchanger is attached to transmit the energy. Recently, TEM systems have been proposed to substitute conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems due to their compact designs, lower maintenance and multiples uses modes. However, TEM systems usually have lower efficiency than conventional HVAC systems. This document explores using additive manufacturing to produce novel heat exchangers with a potential application in TEM devices. In this research was manufactured via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) three heat exchangers from which two are made with a novel design based on gyroid lattice structure in order to compare with traditional heat exchangers. The results indicated a 25% improvement in cooling capacity for a heat exchanger with a gyroid structure with at least 1mm of wall thickness. The methodology followed for this research is presented with a theoretical background, analysis, experimentation and simulation of the heat exchanger in order to evaluate its performance with TEM systems for cooling. The expected contribution of this research is to generate new knowledge about the application of heat exchangers with complex structures (achieved by additive manufacturing) in the application of climatization with thermoelectric systems, since a point of view of production until an improvement on thermal efficiency, also propose an experimental setup that can be replicated by other researchers to test the cooling capacity of novel heat exchangers.
- Numerical study of heat transfer of a double layered PCM building roof in a semi-arid climate(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-12-05) Contreras Aguilar, José Alberto; Gijón Rivera, Miguel Ángel; emimmayorquin; Rivera Solorio, Carlos Iván; Godoy Rangel, Caribay; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyThe thermal performance of a concrete roof with a double phase change material (PCM) layer on the interior concrete surface under the semi-arid weather of Monterrey´s city is presented. The roof was numerically analyzed based on a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation with three types of models: The base concrete case (RC), the concrete roof with one PCM layer (RC-PCMi), and the concrete roof adding a double PCM layer (RC-PCMi-PCMj). The numerical CFD simulations were conducted during the warmest, coldest and typical day of the year. The software used for the simulation was Ansys Fluent. The results indicate that the RC-PCM29 has the lowest thermal values during the warmest day reducing the indoor energy by 96.51 W/m2 representing a 7.4% reduction. In the other hand the RC-PCM25 obtained the best performance for the coldest day, reducing indoor energy by 300.29 Wh/m2 or 32.7% reduction. Furthermore, the RC-PCM29-PCM25 double PCM configuration resulted in the best thermal performance, reducing the annual energy to the indoor by 3,613.89 kWh or 26.2%. Also, considering a roof area of 36 m2 of a building located in Monterrey city, the payback period will be up to 3.45 years with an internal rate of return of 29.0%, resulting a cost-effective use of the double PCM layer. Besides the annual carbon emission savings are 1 572 04 𝑘𝑔 𝐶𝑂 2 𝑒𝑞. Therefore, it is recommended that the RC-PCM29-PCM25 will improve the thermal behavior of buildings located in Monterrey.
- Análisis de eficiencia de torres de captación de agua marina y difusores submarinos con modelación numérica: aplicación a plantas desalinizadoras(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-08-15) Figueroa Velarde, Luis Donaldo; Barrios Piña, Hector Alfonso; emimmayorquin; Delgadillo Calzadilla, Miguel Ángel; Buentello Montoya, David Antonio; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Ramírez León, HermiloLa velocidad de extracción de agua de mar, al igual que la descarga de salmuera Son dos etapas colaterales de vital importancia en los procesos de desalinización del agua de mar, los cuales pueden tener repercusiones significativas en el medio marino donde se realicen, por lo que el poder predecir dichos comportamientos por medio de simulaciones nos permite verificar la funcionalidad de ambos proceso al igual que comprobar si los diseños de la torre de captación (TC) y de los difusores submarinos (DS) cumplen con las normativas internacionales para conservar el medio ambiente. Por lo anterior, en el presente trabajo se implementó el uso de SolidWorks Flow Simulation para modelar y simular una TC y un DS bajo los efectos ambientales de las 4 estaciones climáticas, ubicadas en el océano pacifico, en las costas de San Quintín, Baja California, México. La desalinización juega un papel fundamental para generación de agua dulce a nivel mundial, especialmente en países los cuales no cuentan con fuentes de agua dulce y el único acceso a este recurso hídrico indispensable para la vida solo puede ser obtenido por medio de este proceso, por lo que el poder simular y comprobar el correcto funcionamiento de sus procesos se ha vuelto de gran interés en la comunidad científica. En este trabajo se diseñó la interacción de la TC a 15 m bajo el nivel del mar en estado de reposo, lo que resulta fundamental para comprender su desempeño hidrodinámico ideal y de igual forma se implementaron las corrientes marinas de cada época climática para demostrar su influencia en el proceso de extracción de agua. Por otra parte, Se diseñó un DS, a 18 m de profundidad, donde se mostró el comportamiento de las plumas salina en estado de reposo al igual que simular la interacción entre las plumas salinas y las corrientes marinas y como estas influyen en la dirección de descarga, así como el porcentaje de dilución de la salmuera y la longitud que logra alcanzar la pluma antes de diluirse en su totalidad. Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio de la TC y en el DS muestran que el modelo numérico SolidWorks Flow Simulation es capaz y reproducir exitosamente los procesos de extracción de agua de mar y de descarga de salmuera de una manera muy aproximada a la realidad. De la misma manera, bajo las normativas nacionales e internacionales se demuestra que la TC no sobre pasa la velocidad máxima permitida de extracción. De igual forma, las plumas salinas de descarga logran diluirse en su mayoría en una distancia menor a la requerida por la normativa, lo cual sirve como validación de los resultados.
- Parametric modelling of a biomimetic propulsion system using additive manufacturing for autonomous underwater vehicles(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-12-01) Lima Rodríguez, Biali Fernando; Martínez López, José Israel; puemcuervo; Vázquez Lepe, Elisa Virginia; Chuck Hernandez, Cristina Elizabeth; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyThis work presents a novel pseudorandom algorithm for generating in-silico biomimetic models of caudal fins for additive manufacturing for flexible materials. The methodology provides a tool to develop caudal fin models for different morphologies (within rounded, truncated, forked, and lunate), geometrical features and, considering randomness to improve the lifelikeness of the model. The capability of the algorithm to generate designs with customized hydrodynamic features was evaluated in-silico using computational fluid dynamics comparing the maximum velocity and the angle of attack. Numerical data shows that customization of key dimensional can be integrated into a flexible and dynamic design process. This work is a step towards reproducing more robust and lifelike engineering systems.
- Numerical investigation on the heat transfer enhancement by the combination of wavy tape, dimples and nanofluids in a PTC receiver.(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-09-10) Cuevas Iturbe, Luis Donaldo; RIVERA SOLORIO, CARLOS IVAN; 121148; Rivera Solorio, Carlos Iván; tolmquevedo; Bretado de los Ríos, Mariana Soledad; Morales Menéndez, Rubén; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Gijón Rivera, Miguel ÁngelParabolic trough collector (PTC) is the most developed concentrating solar technology. It represents a viable way to substitute fossil fuels in the production of heat process, however higher thermo-hydraulic performance is needed to be more competitive. This study presents a numerical investigation of dimples, wavy tape and nanofluids (Al2O3, TiO2 and Al2O3-TiO2 dispersed in water at 4% concentration) in combination, in a PTC receiver. Fluent was used to solve the fluid dynamics and heat transfer characteristics inside the PTC receiver with the different heat transfer enhancement techniques for Reynolds numbers ranging from 1.48x104 to 1.77x105. The study showed that dimples with Al2O3/water nanofluid lead to a higher thermo-hydraulic performance evaluated with the Thermal Performance Index with values as high as 1.78. It was also proven that the highest thermal enhancement is obtained when the three heat transfer augmentation techniques are used in combination (wavy tape, dimples, and Al2O3/water nanofluid) with a heat transfer coefficient enhancement of 3.12 times that of a plain PTC receiver with no thermal enhancement. Nonetheless, the combination of techniques also come with a high cost of pressure drop increase from 8.52 to 12.59 compared to the plain PTC receiver. The combination of all the techniques proved more useful at low Reynolds numbers because the flow is not as turbulent. As Reynolds number increases, the thermal increase is not proportional to the mean pressure drop increase, then leading poor performances at high Reynolds numbers. On the other hand, wavy tape with nanofluids proved to have better thermal performances at high Reynolds numbers. The use of nanofluids always leads to the higher thermal performance values. Regarding the different nanofluids, the difference among them is non-significant compared to each other in terms of mean pressure drop, however in terms of heat transfer coefficient improvement, there is about 1.34% difference between the highest thermal performance nanofluids (Al2O3, and Al2O3-TiO2) and TiO2/water nanofluid.
- Design of road-side barriers to mitigate air pollution near roads(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-12-03) Aguirre Gutiérrez, Javier Eduardo; Huertas Cardozo, José Ignacio; tolmquevedo; López Mejia, Omar Darío; Huertas Bolaños, María Elena; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyWe quantified the effects of the use of solid barriers on the dispersion of air pollutants emitted from the traffic of vehicles on roads located over flat areas, aiming to identify the geometry that maximizes the mitigation effect of air pollution near the road at the lowest barrier cost. Toward that end, we systematically used the near road CFD (NR-CFD) model that simulates the physics occurring in the atmosphere in a small computational domain (<1 km long) by numerically solving, via computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the equations that describe the dynamics of the atmosphere in the near surface layer (ASL) (<250 m high). Results from the NR-CFD model were highly correlated (R2>0.96) with the SF6 concentrations measured by the US-NOAA in 2008 downwind a line source emission, for the case of a 6m near road solid straight barrier and for the case of without any barrier. We considered the effects of different geometries, sizes, and locations. We observed that, under all barrier configurations, the normalized pollutant concentrations downwind the barrier are highly correlated (R2>0.86) to the concentrations observed without barrier. Best cost-effective configuration was observed with a quarter-ellipse barrier geometry with a height equivalent to 15% the road width and located at the road edge, where the pollutant concentrations were 76% lower than the ones observed without any barrier.
- Characterization of arc extinction in direct current residential circuit breakers(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-15) Bautista Cruz, Julio César; Viramontes Brown, Federico Ángel; Rivera Solorio, Carlos Iván; Gutiérrez Villanueva, Efrain; Suarez Guevara, José CarlosBreak the current in a direct current (DC) network is a challenging theme since the current does not exhibit a zero crossing point, making it difficult to interrupt. Regardless of the method, the physical effect of switching is the formation of an electric arc, causing high levels of temperature, strong magnetic fields, current of several tens of KA, added to mechanical stress and overpressure on the walls. Due to this reason, physical phenomena should be studied to determine a suitable design. This thesis starts by understanding the arc in alternating current (AC), then proceeds to DC. A theoretical description of the electric arc is outlined, based on plasma physics. The Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) model is proposed, which allows modeling a plasma as an electric fluid, allowing coupling the equations of fluid mechanics and magnetic fields.
- Estudio del proceso de atemperación mediante CFD(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-11) López Pulido, Amayraní; Huertas Cardozo, José Ignacio; Xicale de Aquino, Alfredo; Hernández Ramírez, Isaías; Huertas Cardozo, José Ignacio; Montesinos Castellanos, Alejandro; Xicale de Aquino, Alfredo; Hernández Hernández, IsaíasActualmente, la búsqueda de una mayor generación eléctrica a partir de energías renovables ha posicionado al ciclo combinado como la tecnología capaza de realizar esta transición. Estos ciclos consisten en la integración de un ciclo Brayton por medio de una caldera de recuperación de vapor a un ciclo Rankine. Un componente fundamental para el correcto funcionamiento de las calderas de recuperación de vapor es el atemperador de vapor. Este sirve como sistema de control de la temperatura del vapor, por medio de la inyección de agua subenfriada. Se contruyeron simulaciones mediante CFD con la finalidad de observar a detalle lo que ocurre cuando el agua es inyectada a un flujo de vapor sobrecalentado, entender los fenómenos de transferencia de masa, energía y momentum es fundamental para el proceso de diseño de estos sistemas de atemperación. En base a los resultados se definieron zonas termodinámicas para asegurar una evapoación completa en base a la relación de flujos másicos. Se observó también, el comportamiento de ambas fases en el proceso de evaporación que se dividió en dos regiones, ahondando en el estudio de la segunda. Se obtuvo una ecuación que permite describir la evolución de la temperatura promedio de la mezcla y con la que se puede tener una estimación de la longitud mínima de evaporación. A su vez se estudió el efecto que tiene el tamaño de gota en el proceso y se concluyó que gotas más pequeñas permiten aumentar la transferencia de masa y calor entre las fases, lo que propicia una mejor evaporación en una distancia menor.
- Simulation and modeling of three mechanisms of flow through porous media.(2017-12-05) Romero Flores, Michel; López Salinas, José Luis; García Cuéllar, Alejandro Javier; Rivera Solorio, Carlos IvánThe mathematical modeling of two-phase flow in saturated porous media, as well as the modeling of adsorption/retention behavior of surface active materials in a porous medium composed of a complex network of macro, meso, and micropores in 1-D, 2-D and axisymmetric cases and the displacement of two phases in capillary conducts, were studied. Also, a Comparison of two CFD tools is made (COMSOL and ANSYS Fluent). The results were compared with experimental data from the literature. For the saturated porous media study and mathematical modeling of adsorption/retention behavior, COMSOL software was used, while for the capillary conducts displacement, ANSYS Fluent was chosen. In the saturated porous media analysis, different ways to obtain permeabilities and their effects on the flow in saturated porous media were compared. For the mathematical modeling of adsorption/retention behavior of surface active materials in a porous medium different effects were analyzed: the selection of boundary conditions, the size of the tracer and surfactant signals, effects of reversible and irreversible adsorption, the difference between local equilibrium and the rate-limited process. Also, for 2-D and axisymmetric simulations, heterogeneities, blends of surfactant and dispersion/diffusion effects were studied. The proposed mathematical model compares favorably with experimental data from literature when taking macro and mesoporosity into account. This model should be helpful in guiding the design of dynamic adsorption experiments, and to understand how heterogeneities in the rock may influence the interpretation of experimental results. Finally, capillary displacement was analyzed in an axisymmetric system, and the results were compared against a onedimensional model and experimental results obtained through experimentation. This was done to identify the benefits of simulating this type of phenomena, because, sometimes a simplified model can hide vital information for the experiments. The axisymmetric simulations were superior when showing the complete information of the phenomena but at a much higher computational cost than the one-dimensional model