Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Leukocytes in human breastmilk: mapping the evidence through a scoping review(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2025-05-03) Jiménez López, Brenda; Marion Emilie Genevieve Brunck; emimmayorquin; Martínez Ledesma, Juan Emmanuel; González Castillo, Elena Cristina; School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Palacios González, BereniceThe immunological composition of breastmilk has gained research interest as breastfeeding correlates with improved health outcomes in infants, short and long term. Within this field, breastmilk leukocytes (BreLeuk) have remained underexplored. In this scoping review, we map and synthesize all available published literature on human BreLeuk to establish a State-of-the-Art. A systematic search across 4 databases from inception until February 10th 2025, yielded 216 relevant peer-reviewed research articles from 4336 collected abstracts. Colostrum was the most studied milk type. Macrophages were the most reported BreLeuk population with 110 associated studies (>50% of total), followed by T cells. On the other end, eosinophils and basophils were rarely studied (15 and 4 studies, respectively) and mast cells were investigated, but not found in human milk. Research has predominantly focused on analyzing BreLeuk relative proportions, immunophenotype, morphology, and phagocytosis/killing activity, and comparing to paired blood circulating leukocytes. Overall, BreLeuk research has been dominated by high-income countries (80%), with minimal representation from low-income regions (1.7%). Maternal demographics have been historically underreported, hampering correlations with BreLeuk composition, although the most recent studies have more consistently reported these variables. Over 63.9% of studies evaluated BreLeuk characteristics in healthy mothers, while the others studied conditions such as HIV (14 studies, 6.5%), and to a lesser extent allergies, obesity or infections. We provide a comprehensive database of human BreLeuk identification and reported phenotypes and functions, to facilitate future research.
- The relationship of obesity on adipokines levels in breast milk and blood serum from one-month postpartum mexican women(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022) Bello Echeverría, Perla; Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette; emipsanchez; Chuck Hernández, Cristina Elizabeth; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Urrutia Baca, Víctor HugoBreastfeeding is essential for the long-term health of newborns because it has beneficial effects on their digestive, immune, and metabolic system. The composition of breast milk can be modulated by diverse factors, including pre-pregnancy excess body fat. Nowadays, adipokines in human milk are relevant hormones in research due to their roles in metabolism. However, their levels among women with different Body Mass Index (BMI) remain unclear. In Mexico, there is limited knowledge about this hormonal relationship with maternal obesity and its biological impact on their infants during the first month of life. Therefore, the present work aims to evaluate the influence of overweight and obesity on the concentrations of adipokines (adiponectin and its isoforms, leptin, resistin, IL-6, and TNF-alpha) in breast milk and blood serum from Mexican women at one-month postpartum. ELISA and Western Blot techniques were performed to quantify adipokines in human breast milk (HBM) and human blood serum (HBS) samples from 46 mothers categorized, based on their pre-pregnancy BMI, in normoweight (NW) group and overweight or obese (OW/OB) group. Results showed statistical differences between the study groups in both samples (HBM and HBS) in leptin (p=0.003 and p<0.001), IL-6 (p=0.027 and p=0.003), and TNF-alpha (p=0.040 and p=0.012). Significant Spearman correlations were found among adiponectin and its isoforms with mother-infant anthropometrics: weight gain during pregnancy (rs=-0.3419, p=0.0477), blood pressure for the mother (systolic: rs=-0.5689, p=0.0012 and diastolic: rs=-0.3432, p=0.0349) and high-molecular-weight (HMW) isoform with the weight-for-age at first month of life of the infant (rs=-0.4134, p=0.0207). These findings demonstrate that the degree of adiposity in Mexican mothers impact the hormonal adipokine profile of their breast milk and blood serum at one-month postpartum, which in turn influences the growth of their infants during the first month of life.
- Analysis of immune cells in peripheral blood and colostrum from obese mothers in Mexico(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-05-28) Piñeiro Salvador, Raúl; Brunck, Marion; tolmquevedo; Lara-Díaz, Víctor Javier; Licona-Cassani, Cuauhtémoc; Vásquez-Garza, Eduardo; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyBreastfeeding provides newborns not only nutritional short-term nutrient supply, but also long-term benefits in neural, metabolic, and immune development. Several bioactive components of human milk mediate these long-term benefits over immunity, including living bacteria and leukocytes, or even some modulators like cytokines and antibodies. The immunological properties of milk change over lactation progress and the colostrum (stage of lactation produced within 2 days after birth) is the stage with the highest concentration of these factors. Other factors like maternal health status, genetics or daily variations also influence on milk composition. In this scenario, prolactin promotes leukocyte migration to mammary glands and milk. However, the role of chronic conditions on human milk immune composition like obesity is poorly studied. This is especially important in countries with high rates of maternal obesity, like Mexico, where more than two-thirds of adult women suffer any grade of overweight or obesity. Here, we present an extensive flow-cytometry based characterization of leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and colostrum from lean and obese mothers, as well as an analysis of some of their phenotypes. With this data, we aim to better understanding if obesity affects the process of leukocyte migration to human milk, and promotes possible changes on functionality of human milk leukocytes.