Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Valorization of pelagic Sargassum as a source of alginate and sugars for subsequent biofuel production(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-11-01) Amador Castro, Luis Fernando; Carrillo Nieves, Danay; puemcuervo; García Cayuela, Tomás; Guajardo Flores, Daniel; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Rodríguez Martínez, VerónicaOver the last decade, massive tides of Sargassum, a genus of brown algae, have arrived at Caribbean shores deriving in a myriad of environmental and economic problems. Aiming to lessen the impacts, governments from the affected countries have opted to remove the seaweed from marine ecosystems. However, its collection is expensive, posing another economic challenge for the already affected countries. Biomass valorization has been proposed as a suitable alternative to funding cleaning activities, triggering numerous investigations in recent years. Albeit different pathways have been suggested, Sargassum biomass has failed to find effective uses in the industry. This study aims to maximize the value of Sargassum as a potential raw material into a biorefinery scheme to produce alginate and sugars, considering this last product for subsequent biofuels production. Findings indicate that alginate extraction and sugar production can be effectively coupled within the same valorization scheme and that their integration also results in sugar maximization after biological pretreatment. The alginate extraction and purification process resulted in high polymer yields (38.75% ± 0.93 dry weight). The final product was found to be free of toxic elements opening the doors for its application in different fields. Lastly, Sargassum sugars extracts did not inhibit the growth of Yarrowia lipolytica, an oleaginous yeast, suggesting that they can be subsequently converted into biofuels.
- Life cycle assessment of bioethanol production from sugarcane bagasse: A case study for Mexico(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-02-11) Zurita García, Lizbeth; ZURITA GARCIA, LIZBETH; 855284; Santoyo Castelazo, Edgar; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Atilgan Turkmen, Burcin; Ramírez Mendoza, Ricardo Ambrocio; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de MéxicoAccording to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to 2030, significant efforts would be required to increase the production of more affordable and clean energies to achieve net-zero emissions in energy systems (SDG7), while executing climate actions (SDG13) to limit global temperature increases below 2°C. According to IEA (International Energy Agency), in 2018 transport represented the second most pollutant sector worldwide, with 25% (8,258 Mt CO2) of total CO2 emissions (33,513.3 Mt CO2) globally; therefore, its decarbonization has become one of the most challenging targets. Bioenergy represented one-tenth of the total primary energy supply worldwide, then it is considered a viable alternative to diversify the worldwide energy mix supply. Thus, second-generation biofuels will potentially play a more significant role in the transport sector. In Mexico, bioenergy represents 5% of total primary energy production. Therefore, this work aims to assess the environmental sustainability of bioethanol production from a second-generation feedstock as sugarcane bagasse. This research considered a novel integrated methodology based on a cradle-to-grave life cycle perspective, including four main stages: i) a systematic literature review, ii) data collection, iii) process simulation of the chemical conversion via gasification, iv) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) (based on the ISO 14040-44 framework) interpretation, and v) validation of results. As part of the results, under a cradle-to-grave boundary, the carbon footprint was 26,689 kg CO2eq with a defined functional unit of 1,000 L of bioethanol. The majority of the CO2eq emissions were attributed to the bioethanol production with 25.3 % and use in vehicle stages with 68.7 %. As conclusions, the results obtained in this study and comparing with other studies suggest that Mexico has a great potential for producing second-generation biofuels. Nevertheless, plans and actions as scenarios, improvements, and further sustainability assessment, as proposed in this work, need to be considered in future work.