Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
Browse
Search Results
- Design for manufacturing and assembly of a multi material bioprinting system towards tissue engineering applications(2025-06-13) Lera Julián, Miguel Ángel; Martínez López, José Israel; emipsanchez; Vázquez Lepe, Elisa Virginia; López Botello, Omar; Chuck Hernández, Cristina; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyLight-based techniques have great potential in bioprinting for tissue engineering, given their inherent advantages in high spatial resolution (10–100 μm) and improved cell viability (>85%) compared to traditional extrusion-based systems. However, current apparatuses found in the state of the art are limited in usability and functionality due to legacy single-material design constraints and the early development stage of photopolymerization-based bioprinters. As tissue constructs become increasingly complex, there is a need to establish a new framework for light-based equipment tailored to specific tissue engineering applications. This work presents the development of multi-material bioprinting equipment that integrates 4K digital light projection with an automated rotating four-vat system, enabling sequential use of bioinks with distinct mechanical and biochemical properties. For this endeavor, the scalability and manufacturability of the apparatus were addressed using Function Tree analysis, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), and Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFM&A) principles. These tools guided the definition of a feature set for meniscal tissue regeneration, including layered constructs with stiffness gradients and bioactive cues. The system was designed in Fusion and fabricated using a combination of rapid prototyping techniques. This included the 3D printing of custom resin vats, CNC machining of structural elements, and the development of bespoke electronic components for control and actuation. Initial validation was carried out using a single-vat configuration and Anycubic clear photopolymer resin. Printing trials demonstrated the resolution capacity of the optical system and successful layer-by-layer polymerization using 405 nm light exposure. These results confirm the operational feasibility of the system and establish a baseline for future multi-material implementation using photocurable bioinks
- Modification of photosensitive resin with 0D and 2D nanoparticles towards printing scalability(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-12-05) Meza Diarte, Salvador Alejandro; Sustaita Narváez, Alan Osiris; Rodríguez Hernández, Gerardo; Segura Cárdenas, Emmanuel; Melo Máximo, Dulce Viridiana; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Iturbe Ek, JackelineComposite materials, recognized for their ability to synergize the properties of multiple constituents, have become indispensable in modern engineering and manufacturing. Polymer composites, a prominent category within this field, are particularly valued for their lightweight, cost-effective nature, and ease of processability. This study investigates the integration of composite materials with vat polymerization 3D printing, focusing on the development of advanced polymer-based nanocomposites with tailored functional properties, by modifying commercially available photosensitive resins through ultrasonic dispersion of 0D and 2D nanoparticles: silicon dioxide (SiO2) and organo-modified clay Cloisite 30B (C30B), respectively. The SiO2 nanoparticles were functionalized with alkyl silane groups CTMS and OTS to achieve hydrophobicity. Therefore, this work aims to enhance the hydrophobic and flame-resistant characteristics of 3D printed components. A practical experimental methodology for the resin modification by ultrasonic dispersion was developed. The incorporation of functionalized SiO2 achieved intrinsically hydrophobic 3D printed specimens, with contact angle of up to 133°. The incorporation of C30B increased significantly mechanical properties with respect to neat resin, obtaining an increase of 37% in Young’s modulus, 39% in elongation, and 0.95 MPa. It also increased combustion temperature by 12 °C in the formulation with 5% clay concentration. XRD and TEM results confirm a clay exfoliation was achieved after polymerization, and the mechanism was proposed. A Jacob’s cure depth working curve was developed for both modifications to determine their printing parameters as the first step towards printing scalability. UV-Vis analysis confirmed that both modifications preserved the printability of the resins, demonstrating the feasibility of fabricating high-performance nanocomposites using vat polymerization
- Development of a multi-component disjointed tissue culture system using three-dimensionally printed polymeric scaffolds and microfluidic pumping(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-12) Romero Zepeda, Claudia Alejandra; Lozano Sánchez, Luis Marcelo; emipsanchez; Perfecto Avalos, Yacanxóchitl; García González, Alejandro; García Varela, Rebeca; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus León; Chaires Oria, Jorge IsaacIn-vitro cellular culture plays a crucial role in preclinical research. While cost-effective, the pre- vailing 2D culture approach falls short in simulating realistic cellular interactions when these cells are grown in different but interacting spaces. Organs-on-a-Chip (OoC) devices have been developed to address this limitation, creating controlled micro-environments that mimic in-vivo tissue interaction conditions. This research addressed designing and assessing a microfluidic chip device based on ad- ditive manufacturing to analyze fibroblast and monocyte cell interaction grown in a separate culture apparatus. The OoC devices were created using Computer-Aided Design (CAD), and additive manu- facturing strategies using translucent resin as constructive material. The developed chip consisted of 200 mm2 cell culture area, a glass window for monitoring, and two inlets and outlets for fluid transfer and sampling. An instrumented peristaltic micro-pumping system induces fluid motion through the tubing that connects the manufactured microchips. Here, we show the ability of the developed 3D printed system to culture different cell lines, allow treatment addition without disturbing the system, and connect with a continuous flow between the devices without generating detectable cellular stress by enzymatic quantification. Finally, the interconnected system communicates between fibroblast and monocyte cultures by connecting two chips with micropumps through microscopic and cellular stress markers in selected cell lines. This results in a prototype for a multi-organ-on-a-chip-like device.
- Deformation control of sinusoidal lattice metamaterial for application in robotics(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-12-05) Mora Gutiérrez, Stephanie; Cuan Urquizo, Enrique; emipsanchez; Pérez Santiago, Rogelio; Román Flores, Armando; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyThis study presents a methodology for controlling deformation in a sinusoidal metamaterial using parametric design, FEM simulation, and 3D printing. The focus is on generating a design where the deformation of the metamaterial can be controlled and thus be able to apply it in a flexible gripper using a sinusoidal metamaterial as base material. The parametric design approach is employed to create a structure of the sinusoidal unit cell, and FEM simulation is used to evaluate its mechanical behavior and compare it with the Experimental testing. The sinusoidal metamaterial is then 3D printed using a flexible TPU filament. Experimental testing also demonstrates the gripper's adaptability and deformation control. The results validate the effectiveness of the design, showing the deformation control of the sinusoidal structure, also improved grip capacity and manipulation capabilities. This study has significant potential for applications in robotics. The combination of generative design, FEM simulation, and 3D printing enables the creation of customized and functional grippers that can adapt to various object shapes and sizes.
- Applying competitive technology intelligence to reveal advances in final end user applications, user acceptability, quality assurance, and digital technologies of 3D printing for oral drug delivery systems(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-06-12) Ríos Mata, Verónica Lissette; Rodríguez Salvador, Marisela; puemcuervo, emimayorquin; Smith Cornejo, Neale Ricardo; Bourguet Díaz, Rafael Ernesto; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyThe demands for high-value innovative treatments, investment in Research and Development (R&D), and personalized medicines are shaping the pharmaceutical industry, for this, current manufacturing methods may not be able to satisfy these needs. Three-dimensional printing offers different solutions for specific needs that cannot be attended due to the high cost of production, limitations on the process, or individualized demands. 3D printing oral drug delivery systems enhance the delivery of a pharmaceutical substances in the body and the dynamics between pharmaceutical ingredients, while providing personalized formulation, geometry, size, controlled release rate and time on the gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, for a company to stay relevant in the market, it should be able to develop and integrate a sustainable differentiation, also known as a long-term competitive advantage (Porter, M., 1996). This competitive advantage can be based on the introduction and acquisition of new technologies. The process of identifying market opportunities, trends and new technologies is not always direct, for this, Competitive Technology Intelligence methodology and Scientometric analysis are utilized to reveal technological knowledge and technologies, in order to identify trends that can be turned into actionable information. The aim of this thesis is to use Competitive Technology Intelligence (CTI) methodology to reveal advances in Final End User Applications, User Acceptability, Quality Assurance, and Digital Technologies of 3D Printing for Oral Drug Delivery Systems and facilitate decision-making to stakeholders, upper management, firms or people belonging to the pharmaceutical, medical, healthcare and 3D printing area. Using a query developed from the CTI methodology a total of 621 papers from 01-01-1900 to 05-01-2023, after the database cleaning process the number of results decreased to 512. The 512 publications were categorized into 9 classifications, where the 149 corresponding to the categories Final End User Applications, User Acceptability, Quality Assurance, and Digital Technologies were analyzed. The results demonstrated a tendency towards digitalization of the industry, that looks forward to migrating clinical trials to digital solutions. Machine Learning is being used to optimize and predict parameters of the process and the behavior of the formulations. Applications like DEFEND3D are being examined to avoid the cyber risks of remote digital transfer of electronic prescriptions to the 3D printer. Quality assurance is one of the main concerns while developing 3D printed oral drug delivery systems. Quality by Design (QbD) approach is being used to efficient the design of a product. At the same time, protocols to standardize compounding procedures (mixing, preparation, and printing) as well as decision maps to facilitate decision-making of the pharmacist are being developed. The integration of all these methods can lead to quality assurance in the different types of dosage forms. In the Final End User application trend, abuse-deterrent 3D printed oral dosage forms are being designed to limit the accessibility to non-prescribed opioids, as a solution to the opioid abuse world crisis. For disease treatment, 3D printed capsules that permit the intake of multiple drugs and avoid the negative interactions between active pharmaceutical ingredients are being developed. User preferences and palatability are also being taken into consideration while designing 3D printed dosage forms, as it can facilitate their entry to the market.
- Biomimetic manufacturing with intelligent Biopolymeric structures for capturing environmental water(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-02-14) Valdez Guajardo, Ricardo David; Medina Medina , Dora Iliana; emimmayorquin; Ku Herrera, José de Jesús; Escuela de Ingenieria y ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Olvera Trejo , DanielIn this work, the study related to biomimicry is presented, specifically discussing the feeding method of cacti in the Chihuahuan desert named Astrophytum crassispinum and Corynopuntia bulbispina, both with xerophytic characteristics. This means they can feed using the humidity of the air in a complementary way. The aim is to create a prototype that can emulate this phenomenon of feeding using humidity. On the other hand, Young's equation highlights how the inclination in a certain geometry can be fundamental for the study of surface area. Additionally, the Marangoni flow is essential in this context since it allows us to understand the change in the different phases of fluid on solid surfaces. Finally, simulations are carried out using Matlab, applying these principles to determine the appropriate geometry to later be 3D printed. Furthermore, a comparison of these principles is made with Wenzel's theory, allowing for a discussion on how roughness plays an important role in the formation of droplets and creating a hydrophilic surface at nanometer scales with the "Fuzzy Skin" feature of Cura Slicer
- Proof of concept for implementation of integration of additive manufacturing with vision system monitoring aided with a robot arm(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-12-13) Ozorno del Angel, Oscar Alain Gerardo; AHUETT GARZA, HORACIO; 120725; Ahuett Garza, Horacio; emijzarate/puemcuervo; Orta Castañon, Pedro; Urbina Coronado, Pedro; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyIn any process a competitive advantage means in saving of time, money, resources and in a process as 3D printing where many aspects can go wrong in the final part as lack of filament, bad adhesion printing or out of tolerance shapes by bad melting. To avoid some of these errors to happen by detecting them and stop the process of a wrong printing saving time, money and resources also with the potential to be scalable to an industrial process. To achieve this a proposed proof of concept of a semiautomatic 3D printer aided with a robot and a vision system to work autonomously with the least human interaction needed and the ability to do process monitoring to ensure quality in pieces and remove mistaken pieces while in the process save resources, this is achieved by Implementation of a synchrony routine in an arduino with programming, putting together decision making and pick and place operations to reduce human interaction. The main contribution is the implementation and architecture to achieve the synchrony of the three technologies 3D printer, vision system, and a robot arm working together to do a continuous process with inspection in real time in a 3D printer.
- Pre- and post-processing of PET-G 3D prints of honeycomb cellular structure for high energy absorption and surface engineering(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06) Basurto Vázquez, Olimpia; MEDINA MEDINA, DORA ILIANA; 40536; VALENCIA LAZCANO, ANAI ALICIA; 230234; SANCHEZ RODRIGUEZ, ELVIA PATRICIA; 100483; Medina Medina, Dora Iliana; RR; Valencia Lazcano, Anai Alicia; Stasiak, Joanna; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Estado de México; Sánchez Rodríguez, Elvia PatriciaUpon an impact, the resulting energy is manifested through unwanted damage to objects or persons. Therefore, it is essential to improve protective materials such that the system reduces injuries to the involved moving parts by the selection of material properties, design, and manufacturing processes. New materials with enhanced energy absorption capabilities are made of cellular structures. The hexagonal honeycomb structure is one of the most well-known for its space-filling capacity, structural stability, and high energy absorption potential. Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies have been effectively useful in a vast range of applications. The evolution of these technologies has been studied continuously, focusing on improving mechanical and structural characteristics of the 3D printed models, such as fracture toughness to resist impacts and crack propagation to create complex quality parts that not only satisfy design requirements but also functionality, mechanical properties, and cost. An accessible manufacturing technology, for creating complex structures, is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Nevertheless, this method has adverse surface features related to its layer by layer deposition. In this study, the 3D honeycomb structures of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) were fabricated by the FDM method. The process parameters considered are infill density and layer printing orientation. The effectiveness of the design is investigated by performing in-plane compression tests. The set of parameters that produces superior results for better energy absorption capabilities is determined by analyzing the welding between filament layers in the printed object by the FDM technology. The structures were subjected to a vaporized solvent bonding post-processing technique, and the investigation highlights the rationale of interlayer diffusion response and adhesion strength by applying a sol-gel hydrophobic coating. This study utilized roughness, hardness, and contact angle analyses to provide a better understanding of the solvent-polymer interactions to gain insight into the advantages and limitations of this technique.
- Design and fabrication of bioreactors for tissue engineering(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06) González Abrego, Ana Valeria; Rodríguez González, Ciro A.; lagdtorre/tolmquevedo; Martínez López, José Israel; Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel; Moisés Álvarez, Mario; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Dean, DavidTissue engineering (TE) has provided new techniques to create better tissue models, for study or to solve actual medical problems. Combining TE with design and 3D manufacture techniques can achieve devices that improve actual models. 3D tissue models present a diffusion problem that causes cell death because of the lack of oxygen and nutrients and the concentration of cell waste. Proving flow to the constructs can facilitate perfusion and enhance tissue. To do so, this document presents the designs and prototype development of two bioreactors, with the objective of diminishing necrotic core to create relevant implantable bone tissue and a more realistic breast cancer model. Using DLP and commercially available parts, designs were prototyped and validated.
- Technological development of Alginate/Gelatin composite hydrogel fabricated by microextrusion based printing for tissue regeneration(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-14) Urruela Barrios, Rodrigo Alejandro; Ortega Lara, Wendy de Lourdes; Alvarez Guerra, Alejandro; Vázquez Lepe, Elisa Vrginia; García López, ErikaAlginate hydrogels have shown an enormous potential for tissue engineering due to its non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and structural similarity to extracellular matrices. To produce these hydrogels, different manufacturing techniques can be used, including microextrusion 3D printing. Current efforts for hydrogels in tissue engineering are centered on improving bioactivity and mechanical properties by the incorporation of a second biopolymer or bioceramics; and loading these materials with pharmaceutical drugs to promote a better healing process. In this work, the study of the synthesis process of alginate/gelatin hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) and loaded with ibuprofen, its extrusion in a modified 3D Printer, and its material characterization were proposed. The hydrogel systems were successfully micro-extruded by tuning the concentration of the pre-crosslinking agent up to 0.20 w/v% and a rheological profile was obtained. FT-IR, XRD, and TGA were used to perform a physicochemical characterization and prove the growth of ibuprofen crystals inside the porous material. For the drug loading, stable microemulsions were obtained with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as emulsifier and various solvents, including dichloromethane. The pores of the crosslinked printed structures were measured using SEM and resulted in an average pore size from 160 μm to 40 μm, depending on the material composition, all with adequate porosity for tissue engineering. Furthermore, the hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and beta-TCP showed enhanced mechanical properties up to 65 MPa of elastic modulus. Controllable drug loading was achieved up to 35 w/w% of the dry hydrogel with more than 50% of the loaded ibuprofen dissolving in less than one hour. Additionally, while the hydrogel was microextruded in the 3D printer, it was found that as more layers of the design were deposited in the built platform, there was an increase of the line width of the bottom layers due to its viscous deformation. Shrinkage of the design when the hydrogel is crosslinked and later freeze-dried was also measured and found to be up to 27% from the printed design. Overall, the approach taken enables to synthesize a printable composite alginate solution, loaded with an API, with adequate physical properties for tissue regeneration.