Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Improving manufacturing system design using particular and partial instantiated models based on an integrated product, processand ,manufacturing system reference framework(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-12-03) Ramírez Alba, José Antonio; Molina Gutiérrez, Arturo; tolmquevedo; Rodríguez-Salvador, Marisela; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Ciudad de México; Ponce Cruz, PedroModern manufacturing systems have faced several changes in recent decades. The creation of Industry 4.0 and the changing dynamics of markets place an increasing pressure to generate better manufacturing systems that are flexible but robust at the same time. In this way, it arises the need to assist in the design, modification or improvement of manufacturing systems at different scales, both in large manufacturers and small and medium-sized enterprises. To help with this goal, enterprise modelling architectures supports the specific description of various aspects of an enterprise and assist in the product lifecycle development by reusing general models that can be tailored to particular scenarios through instantiation processes. This work improves the development of manufacturing systems through partial and particular instantiated models based on the Integrated Product, Process and Manufacturing System Development methodology. These methodology benefits from the characterization of different industrial sectors to provide a collection of tools and activities that avoid starting developing manufacturing systems from anew. In this way, the proposed solution is to create the particular models to assist in the design of different manufacturing scenarios: (i) product transfer, (ii) technology transfer and (ii) manufacturing system design. The design consists of generating: (i) decision flow diagrams to assist in the definition of the manufacturing system type, (ii) engineering activities to support the development of the system, (iii) different toolboxes to straightforward the activities achievements and, (iv) a general map to guide the development of particular instantiations of the model. To verify the efficiency of this model, case studies are created in which the particular project activities are developed, and finally, the results are measured by qualitative and quantitative parameters to allow performance measurement of the present work.
- Micro machinability of net shapes of Selective Laser Melting of Ti-6Al-4V for minimum material removal using ball end mill(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-15) Celis Renata, Pavel; Vázquez Lepe, Elisa Virginia; García López, Erika; Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel; Sandoval Robles, Jesús A.Miniaturization of medical devices is playing an important role in the manufacture industry. New drug delivery systems are being studied and developed, therefore materials to produce these devices must be investigated extensively. The objective of this work is to experimentally investigate and compare the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy produced via Selective laser melting (SLM) against the conventional machining method. 18 patches of 09 needles each were fabricated and machined with different cutting feeds (120,150 and 180mm/min) with aid of a minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) system. Machinability was examined in terms of cutting forces, tool wear, surface roughness and geometrical dimensions. Each cutting feed was tested by fabricating 3 patches from solid blocks of titanium with square tools of .8mm. Finish pass was performed with a .2mm micro ball end mill with a constant spiral toolpath. Comparison was performed by fabricating four patches with SLM with an excess material of 150μm and machined with the same previous parameters. 3D images obtained by optical microscope reveal that the main force applied in the finishing of needles is the Z axis and cutting forces were higher when machining SLM patches. Tool calibration is the main factor to obtain high precision in geometrical dimensions due to the variation in length because of thermal expansion. Surface roughness for all tests were below 1μm with best results when cutting feed is set at 120mm/min, reduction in edge radius for ball end mills affected negatively the surface roughness. An economic comparison was performed and showed that the SLM combined with SM process has clear advantage over subtractive manufacture alone.
- Technological development of Alginate/Gelatin composite hydrogel fabricated by microextrusion based printing for tissue regeneration(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-14) Urruela Barrios, Rodrigo Alejandro; Ortega Lara, Wendy de Lourdes; Alvarez Guerra, Alejandro; Vázquez Lepe, Elisa Vrginia; García López, ErikaAlginate hydrogels have shown an enormous potential for tissue engineering due to its non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and structural similarity to extracellular matrices. To produce these hydrogels, different manufacturing techniques can be used, including microextrusion 3D printing. Current efforts for hydrogels in tissue engineering are centered on improving bioactivity and mechanical properties by the incorporation of a second biopolymer or bioceramics; and loading these materials with pharmaceutical drugs to promote a better healing process. In this work, the study of the synthesis process of alginate/gelatin hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) and loaded with ibuprofen, its extrusion in a modified 3D Printer, and its material characterization were proposed. The hydrogel systems were successfully micro-extruded by tuning the concentration of the pre-crosslinking agent up to 0.20 w/v% and a rheological profile was obtained. FT-IR, XRD, and TGA were used to perform a physicochemical characterization and prove the growth of ibuprofen crystals inside the porous material. For the drug loading, stable microemulsions were obtained with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as emulsifier and various solvents, including dichloromethane. The pores of the crosslinked printed structures were measured using SEM and resulted in an average pore size from 160 μm to 40 μm, depending on the material composition, all with adequate porosity for tissue engineering. Furthermore, the hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and beta-TCP showed enhanced mechanical properties up to 65 MPa of elastic modulus. Controllable drug loading was achieved up to 35 w/w% of the dry hydrogel with more than 50% of the loaded ibuprofen dissolving in less than one hour. Additionally, while the hydrogel was microextruded in the 3D printer, it was found that as more layers of the design were deposited in the built platform, there was an increase of the line width of the bottom layers due to its viscous deformation. Shrinkage of the design when the hydrogel is crosslinked and later freeze-dried was also measured and found to be up to 27% from the printed design. Overall, the approach taken enables to synthesize a printable composite alginate solution, loaded with an API, with adequate physical properties for tissue regeneration.