Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Auxetic lattice sensor for In-socket load evaluation(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022) Ramírez Gutiérrez, Diana Laura; RAMIREZ GUTIERREZ, DIANA LAURA; 883618; Cuan Urquizo, Enrique; puelquio/mscuervo; Román Flores, Armando; Navarro Gutiérrez, Manuel; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Fuentes Aguilar, Rita QuetziquelAuxetic metamaterials present an uncommon dome shape when subjected to an out-of-plane bending moment, known as synclasticity. This property has them potential candidates in aerospace, biomedical and textiles. Currently, the use of wearable devices has increased. These sensors allow the tracking of physical activity of the human body, which provide useful information about health. They need to withstand repeated large deformations and conform to the complex curved geometries of the human body without loss in performace. Conformability has presented a challenge in materials science and engineering and one approach to overcome this, has been the implementation of auxetic topologies. Still, most applications remain in their infancy and require more research. Despite biomedical sensors being subjected to complex loading conditions, most of the literature has focused on auxetic metamaterials under simple tensile and compressive loadings. The geometrical parameter-Poisson´s ratio was thoroughly characterized bia Finite element modeling (FEM). This brought up a thorough relation between their geometrical parameters and auxeticity. Their out-of-plane stiffness was also characterized via FEM and corroborated with additive manufactured samples subjected to the same boundary conditions. A conformability ratio was computed with digital image processing, and a generalized linear model of 95% confidence interval exhibited the relation between each parameter and this property. Topologies with similar conformability ratio were found, which allowed to establish a relation between geometrical parameters, conformability and stiffness. Finally, the fabrication of pressure-sensing devices was achieved by the instrumentation of velostat with different auxetic porous arrangements. This exposed a general view of their electric response under different loading conditions. These devices were also tested as in-socket pressure sensors, establishing a link between their electric and mechanical response while being stretched to conform an artificial residual limb. This, in addition to in-plane, and out-of-plane characterization, lead to key properties when deciding the geometry specific for applications; deformation mechanism, relative density, auxetic behavior and stiffness.
- The mechanics of additively manufactured reentrant honeycombs: apparent elastic modulus and energy absorption ability under cyclic loadings.(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-14) Chapa Cárdenas, Amador; URBINA CORONADO, PEDRO DANIEL; 298324; Urbina Coronado, Pedro Daniel; emipsanchez; Román Flores, Armando; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Cuan Urquizo, EnriqueAdvances in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have made possible the design and fabrication of more complex parts such as the cellular solids. Auxetic honeycombs are a type of cellular solid with already demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties and great potential as energy absorber. This work consists in the fabrication and characterization of reentrant honeycombs structures to study the feasibility of AM technology fused deposition modeling (fdm) as the manufacturing process and its effect on the mechanical properties of the printed parts. Numerical and experimental analysis were carried out to obtain the apparent elastic modulus of reentrant honeycombs and its relationship with the relative density of the specimens. Disadvantages of selecting fdm include low accuracy in the shapes printed and inability to print cell-wall thicknesses lower than 1 mm in cellular solids. A non-linear relationship between relative density of auxetic honeycombs and their apparent elastic modulus was found.
- Development of a cement-based extrusion system for application in 3D printing(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-10) Ruiz Jaramillo, Camilo; MORALES MENENDEZ, RUBEN; 30452; Lozoya Santos, Jorge; tolmquevedo, emipsanchez; Morales Menéndez, Ruben; Vargas Martinez, Adriana; Cuan Urquizo, Enrique; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Román Flores, ArmandoTraditional construction has forged a paradigm in which any object made of concrete is limited to having a square or round shape due to the high cost of the molds used to cast the cementitious material. On the other hand, being an activity with a high degree of manpower required, it is highly dangerous since workers are exposed to hazards such as working at heights, in unstable structures, in confined places, and surrounded by heavy materials and machinery. Additive manufacturing has been implemented in multiple industries; construction is no exception. Where flexibility in design, speed, and automation are the factors that attract the most attention. However, for its application in a context such as the Mexican, ways must be found to develop materials and equipment that allow simplifying the technique, so that its massification is facilitated. In a context of confinement due to pandemic, this project explored the components and proportions that constitute a basic mortar to be 3D printed by extrusion. Qualitative methods were developed for the evaluation of mortars and compared with quantitative methods. The design and manufacture by 3D printing of an extruder were carried out that allows depositing layers of material stably and continuously. In addition, its design allows easy material feeding, easy coupling to a printing robot, and easy assembly and disassembly for cleaning. Finally, with the mortar and extruder developed, they were incorporated into a printer in which an experimentation process was carried out that led to defining the parameters of movement speed, extrusion speed, and distance from the nozzle. Some of the main contributions of this thesis, apart from the basic mortar for 3D printing with Mexican materials, and the design of the extruder. were the qualitative evaluation methodologies and the definition of printing parameters. that can be used for future projects to scale the technique.
- Novel Bézier-based metamaterials: synthesis, mechanics and additive manufacturing(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-04) Álvarez Trejo, Alberto; CUAN URQUIZO, ENRIQUE; 345654; Cuan Urquizo, Enrique; emipsanchez; Alvarado Orozco, Juan Manuel; Farfán Cabrera, Leonardo Israel; Olvera Silva, Oscar; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Román Flores, ArmandoThe design of mechanical metamaterials often uses lattice arrangements being benefited from the increase in Additive Manufacturing technologies available. Such design freedom allows the fabrication of lattice arrangements with complex curved geometries. Here we propose a whole family of novel lattice matematerials parametrized using cubic Bézier curves. The methodology presented permits the generation of unit cells with different degrees of curvature based on the location of the Bézier control points along a spiral. The apparent stiffness of these structures was characterized using finite element analysis (FEA) and compression tests on additively manufactured samples using stereolithography (SLA). The mechanical properties of spiral based cubic Bézier (SBCB) metamaterials were related to the location of the control points. The methodology was expanded to generate metamaterials with porosity in the three orthogonal planes, and the apparent stiffness of these structures was obtained by FEA. The procedure presented for the synthesis of metamaterials enables the generation of structures with customized mechanical properties by adjusting the geometry of the unit cells. The apparent stiffness of both 2D and 3D SBCB metamaterials from simulation was compared to existing metamaterials,defining a design region that is limited by manufacturing and geometry conditions.