Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Evaluation of the protective effects of Time-Caloric Restriction in liver fibrosis in a DEN model(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-12-07) Arriaga González, Fernanda Guadalupe; ; De Donato Capote, Marcos; puemcuervo/tolmquevedo; Robles Espinoza, Carla Daniela; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Molina Aguilar, ChristianLiver fibrosis is, in most cases, the first stage of chronic liver disease. Advanced stages of fibrosis can evolve into cirrhosis and finally trigger hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The liver is the central metabolic organ of the body and diet is considered one of the main environmental factors that can impact its function. Most of the research up to this date centers on its effects in the last stages of this disease, meaning cirrhosis and HCC. Given that fibrosis is a reversible stage of liver damage, a better understanding of the effects of caloric restriction in this initial damage can help to prevent the development of advanced chronic liver disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible protective effects of the time-caloric restriction protocol in the progression of liver fibrosis. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups according the food intake regime and treatment: AL, AL+DEN, T-CR, and T-CR+DEN. The AL groups had unrestricted access to food. T-CR groups had food access limited to a 2-hour period daily (from 11am to 13:00 pm). One group of each food intake regime receive a weekly intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) of 50mg/kg to induce liver fibrosis. All rats were sacrificed after 10 weeks and blood samples were analyzed by standard spectrophotometric techniques to evaluate the nutritional state of the animals, liver damage, and the effects of T-CR on the inflammatory response. Histological evaluation of the livers was performed though Masson’s Trichrome and Hematoxylin-eosin staining. The T-CR regime prompted a ~40% reduction of daily food intake in comparison to the AL groups. However, the evaluation of biochemical parameters indicates that none of the groups was malnourished. There were no significant changes in liver chemistry results. However, histological evaluation revealed that the T-CR regime protected the liver from fibrogenic processes. Additionally, the T-CR groups showed a decrease in total leukocyte count when compared to the AL groups. The differential leukocyte count attributes this change to a decrease in lymphocyte population. Unexpectedly, an additional decrease in the lymphocyte count was observed in the groups with DEN treatment. It is difficult to posit a clear conclusion on the effect that the time-caloric restriction regime has on the inflammatory state of the animal models thus, further analysis has to be conducted.
- Analysis of immune cells in peripheral blood and colostrum from obese mothers in Mexico(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-05-28) Piñeiro Salvador, Raúl; Brunck, Marion; tolmquevedo; Lara-Díaz, Víctor Javier; Licona-Cassani, Cuauhtémoc; Vásquez-Garza, Eduardo; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyBreastfeeding provides newborns not only nutritional short-term nutrient supply, but also long-term benefits in neural, metabolic, and immune development. Several bioactive components of human milk mediate these long-term benefits over immunity, including living bacteria and leukocytes, or even some modulators like cytokines and antibodies. The immunological properties of milk change over lactation progress and the colostrum (stage of lactation produced within 2 days after birth) is the stage with the highest concentration of these factors. Other factors like maternal health status, genetics or daily variations also influence on milk composition. In this scenario, prolactin promotes leukocyte migration to mammary glands and milk. However, the role of chronic conditions on human milk immune composition like obesity is poorly studied. This is especially important in countries with high rates of maternal obesity, like Mexico, where more than two-thirds of adult women suffer any grade of overweight or obesity. Here, we present an extensive flow-cytometry based characterization of leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and colostrum from lean and obese mothers, as well as an analysis of some of their phenotypes. With this data, we aim to better understanding if obesity affects the process of leukocyte migration to human milk, and promotes possible changes on functionality of human milk leukocytes.