Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Characterization of arc extinction in direct current residential circuit breakers(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-15) Bautista Cruz, Julio César; Viramontes Brown, Federico Ángel; Rivera Solorio, Carlos Iván; Gutiérrez Villanueva, Efrain; Suarez Guevara, José CarlosBreak the current in a direct current (DC) network is a challenging theme since the current does not exhibit a zero crossing point, making it difficult to interrupt. Regardless of the method, the physical effect of switching is the formation of an electric arc, causing high levels of temperature, strong magnetic fields, current of several tens of KA, added to mechanical stress and overpressure on the walls. Due to this reason, physical phenomena should be studied to determine a suitable design. This thesis starts by understanding the arc in alternating current (AC), then proceeds to DC. A theoretical description of the electric arc is outlined, based on plasma physics. The Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) model is proposed, which allows modeling a plasma as an electric fluid, allowing coupling the equations of fluid mechanics and magnetic fields.
- Estudio del proceso de atemperación mediante CFD(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-11) López Pulido, Amayraní; Huertas Cardozo, José Ignacio; Xicale de Aquino, Alfredo; Hernández Ramírez, Isaías; Huertas Cardozo, José Ignacio; Montesinos Castellanos, Alejandro; Xicale de Aquino, Alfredo; Hernández Hernández, IsaíasActualmente, la búsqueda de una mayor generación eléctrica a partir de energías renovables ha posicionado al ciclo combinado como la tecnología capaza de realizar esta transición. Estos ciclos consisten en la integración de un ciclo Brayton por medio de una caldera de recuperación de vapor a un ciclo Rankine. Un componente fundamental para el correcto funcionamiento de las calderas de recuperación de vapor es el atemperador de vapor. Este sirve como sistema de control de la temperatura del vapor, por medio de la inyección de agua subenfriada. Se contruyeron simulaciones mediante CFD con la finalidad de observar a detalle lo que ocurre cuando el agua es inyectada a un flujo de vapor sobrecalentado, entender los fenómenos de transferencia de masa, energía y momentum es fundamental para el proceso de diseño de estos sistemas de atemperación. En base a los resultados se definieron zonas termodinámicas para asegurar una evapoación completa en base a la relación de flujos másicos. Se observó también, el comportamiento de ambas fases en el proceso de evaporación que se dividió en dos regiones, ahondando en el estudio de la segunda. Se obtuvo una ecuación que permite describir la evolución de la temperatura promedio de la mezcla y con la que se puede tener una estimación de la longitud mínima de evaporación. A su vez se estudió el efecto que tiene el tamaño de gota en el proceso y se concluyó que gotas más pequeñas permiten aumentar la transferencia de masa y calor entre las fases, lo que propicia una mejor evaporación en una distancia menor.
- Simulation and modeling of three mechanisms of flow through porous media.(2017-12-05) Romero Flores, Michel; López Salinas, José Luis; García Cuéllar, Alejandro Javier; Rivera Solorio, Carlos IvánThe mathematical modeling of two-phase flow in saturated porous media, as well as the modeling of adsorption/retention behavior of surface active materials in a porous medium composed of a complex network of macro, meso, and micropores in 1-D, 2-D and axisymmetric cases and the displacement of two phases in capillary conducts, were studied. Also, a Comparison of two CFD tools is made (COMSOL and ANSYS Fluent). The results were compared with experimental data from the literature. For the saturated porous media study and mathematical modeling of adsorption/retention behavior, COMSOL software was used, while for the capillary conducts displacement, ANSYS Fluent was chosen. In the saturated porous media analysis, different ways to obtain permeabilities and their effects on the flow in saturated porous media were compared. For the mathematical modeling of adsorption/retention behavior of surface active materials in a porous medium different effects were analyzed: the selection of boundary conditions, the size of the tracer and surfactant signals, effects of reversible and irreversible adsorption, the difference between local equilibrium and the rate-limited process. Also, for 2-D and axisymmetric simulations, heterogeneities, blends of surfactant and dispersion/diffusion effects were studied. The proposed mathematical model compares favorably with experimental data from literature when taking macro and mesoporosity into account. This model should be helpful in guiding the design of dynamic adsorption experiments, and to understand how heterogeneities in the rock may influence the interpretation of experimental results. Finally, capillary displacement was analyzed in an axisymmetric system, and the results were compared against a onedimensional model and experimental results obtained through experimentation. This was done to identify the benefits of simulating this type of phenomena, because, sometimes a simplified model can hide vital information for the experiments. The axisymmetric simulations were superior when showing the complete information of the phenomena but at a much higher computational cost than the one-dimensional model