Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Evaluation of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites produced by additive manufacturing for design guidelines(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-11) Naranjo Lozada, Juan Miguel; Ahuett Garza, Horacio; Orta Castañon, Pedro; Kurfess, Thomas; Urbina Coronado, PedroThe use of additive manufacturing (AM) in many industries start to be a trend. The flexibility to manufacture complex geometries and the development of new AM materials and systems open new research fields. Recently, a family of technologies that produce fiber reinforced components has been introduced, widening the options available to designers. To find optimal structures using new AM technologies, guidelines for the design of 3D printed composite parts are needed. This thesis presents an evaluation of the effects that different geometric parameters have on the tensile properties of 3D printed composite. Two methods for manufacturing 3D printing composites, chopped and continuous fiber reinforcement (CFR), were analyzed. Parameters such as infill density and infill geometric patterns of chopped composite material, as well as fiber volume fraction and fiber arrangement of CFR composites are varied. The effect of the location of initial deposit point of reinforcement fibers on the tensile properties of the test specimens is also explored. From the findings, some design guidelines are proposed. Using these guidelines two application cases for Industry 4.0 systems were completed. A variation of the Rule of Mixtures (ROM) that provides a way to estimate the elastic modulus of a 3D printed composites is presented. Findings may be used by designers to define the best construction parameters for 3D printed composite parts.
- Fabricación de prótesis de mandíbula con polietileno de alta densidad por conformado incremental mono-punto(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2017-12-06) Lozano Medina, José Angel; S/n; S/n; S/n; Oscar Martínez Romero; Alex Elías Zuñiga; José Manuel Diabb Zavala; Luis Manuel Palacios Pineda; División de Ingenieria y Arquitectura Programa de Graduados en Ingeniería; Campus MonterreyEl proceso de conformado incremental mono-punto (SPIF, por sus siglas en inglés) es usado para la manufactura de productos personalizados, prototipos funcionales y su aplicación en la fabricación de prótesis metálicas ha sido probada. Sin embargo, el uso de chapa/placa hechas de material termoplástico (como el Polietileno de Alta Densidad) para la manufactura de prótesis por conformado incremental mono-punto es un proceso actualmente bajo investigación y prueba. En este marco de referencia, el objetivo del presente escrito es presentar el diseño y manufactura de prótesis de mandíbula hecha con placa de Polietileno de Alta Densidad (HDPE, por sus siglas en inglés) fabricadas por el proceso de Conformado Incremental Mono-Punto (SPIF, por sus siglas en inglés) para explicar y justificar su aplicación en la reconstrucción de mandíbula. La geometría real de la mandíbula es adquirida por tomografía computarizada (CT, por sus siglas en inglés) y manipulada con el objetivo de conseguir el archivo en modelo CAD (DICOM a modelo CAD). De ahí, es que puede generar un planear un tratamiento de reconstrucción de mandíbula y se proponga una aproximación al prototipo de la prótesis antes de la cirugía del paciente.
- Convergence of Industry 4.0 and Regenerative Engineering to boost development of scaffolds created by hybrid additive manufacturing(2017-12-05) Camargo Camrgo, Belinda; Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel; Romero Díaz, David CarlosIndustry 4.0 and its underlying technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), are usually portrayed as a way to enable communication in a workshop between the machinery and an intelligent control system, handle consumer demand for customized products, achieve a near-zero defect manufacturing process, and handle materials, energy consumption, and waste more efficiently, amongst others. Case studies on how the automotive, electronics, or aerospace industry benefit from Industry 4.0 implementation are readily available and surely, there are more to come. By contrast, scaffolds of Regenerative Engineering, are still in Research and Development and yet to be approved as a commercial regenerative procedure. A thorough analysis of the requirements was developed and the product manufacturing phases were modeled using Unified Modeling Language (UML). Business, structure, activity, class, and sequence diagrams, amongst others, are modeled using this standard and an ontology that converges Industry 4.0 technologies applied on Regenerative Engineering is established under the Ontology Web Language Description Logic (OWL-Dl). An architecture to augment a scaffold manufacturing cell with Industry 4.0 technologies is proposed. By using smart sensors, actuators, and the information they generate, a database with material and process variables is populated. This database can then be analyzed by smart algorithms to find the most effective parameters to manufacture a successful scaffold for tissue regeneration. Initial testing shows the feasibility of the proposed architecture and its ability to store relevant information of the produc
- A hierarchical multiobjective problem for green logistics(2017-12-04) Salazar Zendeja, Luis Alberto; González Velarde, José Luis; Camacho Vallejo, José Fernando; José Fernando Camacho Vallejo; González Velarde, José Luis; Cárdenas Barrón, Leopoldo EduardoThroughout all the extension of this thesis a situation where a distribution company and a manufacturer company work within a supply chain in a hierarchically manner. Each one of them has to optimize their own operations to minimize costs in the case of the manufacturer company and maximize profit as well as minimize CO2 emissions for the distribution company. A green logistic approach is also desired in this research, which is one of the reasons that a minimization of greenhouse gas emissions is considered. The resulting formulation of the problem is a multiobjective bilevel model, therefore a GRASP metaheuristic within a weighted sum method was developed to tackle this problem. In addition, a second simpler methodology which consists to reformulate the problem only as a selection of the customers that will be visited was used. In the latter methodology, the specific modeling known as the Multiple Choice Model was implemented to remove the bilevel aspect of the situation resulting in an easier model. Afterwards, this model was solved by a proposed Labeling Algorithm which will be compared with the traditional -constraint method for multiobjective problems. Twelve test instances were generated in order to assess both methodologies. The experimental results as well as the approximated Pareto front are shown. Finally, this thesis work presents the importance of using these kind of modeling techniques in a supply chain.
- Viscoelastic behaviour of polystyrene/supercritical CO2 mixtures used for foaming applications(2017-05-12) Ibarra Garza, César Miguel; Bonilla Rios, Jaime; Treviño Quintanilla, Cecilia Daniela; Cortés Rodríguez, Leonardo Federico; Barrera, EnriqueA study of polystyrene resins containing supercritical CO2 was made to understand their viscoelastic behavior for foaming applications. Three resins of polystyrene with different molecular weight distribution (MWD) were tested at three temperatures (170, 185 and 200ºC) and two pressures (6.89 MPa and 13.78 MPa) using CO2 as diluent. A testing methodology was developed to provide accuracy and repeatability. It reduced standard deviations by at least 52% for high pressure oscillatory rheology tests. Methodology included data correction using Sanchez-Lacombe EOS to describe the mixing phenomenon and polymer swelling. Effects of temperature, pressure and CO2 concentration were evaluated and isolated according to a time-temperature-pressure-concentration superposition. Another approach was accomplished using a high pressure rheology model developed by Total Petrochemicals & Refining USA, Inc. to identify differences in viscoelastic behavior of polystyrene resins. Overall, the model accurately described the shear-thinning behavior of PS and PS+CO2 systems. Finally, elongational viscosities were estimated to speculate about the polymer’s foaming behavior at different operating conditions. The analysis showed that apparently there were no significant differences between resins’ viscosities at high pressures. However, results were expected to differentiate according to resins’ MWD; the higher the molecular weight, the higher the elongational viscosity. Therefore, it is concluded that obtained rheological data is not suitable for this model and additional data adjustment is mandatory for this particular analysis.
- Development of methodological process to customize and manufacture cranial implants with high density polyethylene by means of Single Point Incremental Forming(2017-04) Salas Luna, Eduardo; Martínez Romero, Oscar; Perales Martínez. Imperio Anel; Zuñiga, Alex Elías; Caro Osorio, EnriqueThe aim of the present thesis is to evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing customized cranial implants applying the Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) technique on a bio compatible polymer such as High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE). The following research focuses on a CAD/CAM aided process that will help to find the optimal parameters to secure the best precision of the manufactured piece. This technique offers a sustainable, cheap and highly accurate process that will allow a bigger number of patients the possibility to have access to a high quality, aesthetic prosthesis that will improve their life quality