Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Mechatronic design of a fast-non-contact measurement system for inspection of castings parts in production line(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2019-05-11) Guamán-Lozada, Darío F.; Ahuett-Garza, Horacio; Kurfess, Thomas R.; Urbina Coronado, Pedro Daniel; Orta Castañon, PedroProduct recalls for suppliers (Tier 1-2-3) and OEM represents high financial losses and reputation damage. This has motivated manufacturers to inspect 100% of the specifications of 100% parts produced to avoid liability risks. In general, the manufactured parts are measured in CMM machines, the main problem is that it takes a long time to make the measurement. Therefore, CMM machines cannot be installed in a continuous line process. This problem has led industries to install gauging machines to have full control over their production. Gauging machines are not flexible, a number of sensors equal to the number of targets to be inspected is needed, complicating the maintenance and increasing the cost. Finally, most gauges are of the go-no go type, which only validates whether the characteristics comply with a standard. In addition, due to the arrival of the concept of industry 4.0, companies have seen the need to develop fast, reliable and accurate inspection machines capable of sending proper information about themselves or the product to the cloud. This work presents a new measurement system for an In-Line die-casting process. The main characteristic is the use of a linear motor and non-contact measurement technology for fast and reliable measurements. Also, the machine uses a novel kinematics coupling configuration to allow easy, fast, and accurate positioning of the part in the measurements area. To be compatible with Industry 4.0 the inspection machine is equipped with sensors to send process information to the cloud like operation temperature, vibrations, and dynamic machine behavior.
- Hilbert-Huang transform based methodology for bearing fault detection(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-16) Campos García, Rubén; Vallejo Guevara, Antonio Jr.; Morales Menéndez, Rubén; Ibarra Zárate, David IsaacRotating machinery is of great importance for manufacturing industry, and therefore huge investments for their acquisition are made every year. Machine preservation plays an important role in the exploitation of this resource. Rotating machines are more susceptible to certain types of faults, investigations report that at least 42 % of the root causes of failure in rotating machinery are related with bearings. To detect the bearing condition many techniques have been developed. One of the most reliable is vibration analysis. The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) has been used for vibration analysis and has gained attention in recent years, a topic of controversy in this method is the selection of the Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) with fault information. Statistical parameters can be used to describe the characteristics of vibration signals, this attribute can be exploited to select the IMFs. There are many time domain features used for signal analysis. In this research, a study of 17 statistical parameters was made to determine which one is the best to represent IMFs with fault information. As a result of this analysis a new methodology based on HHT is proposed. This methodology deals with the IMF selection with the use of KR (Kurtosis x RMS) to detect the IMFs with fault information, and can be used to detect incipient bearing faults. The proposed methodology was validated with 18 signals from the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Tian-Yau Wu, and the society for Machinery Failure Prevention Technology (MFPT Society) databases. For the 18 analyzed signals, only one IMF was wrongly selected. The cause of this error was the end defect produced in the EMD, this caused the KR amplitude to increase even tough the IMF did not have fault information. The results on the Envelope spectrum from 14 signals were clear with fault components with large amplitude. For the remaining four signals the results on the Envelope spectrum was noisy, but the fault fault components were distinguishable.Rotating machinery is of great importance for manufacturing industry, and therefore huge investments for their acquisition are made every year. Machine preservation plays an important role in the exploitation of this resource. Rotating machines are more susceptible to certain types of faults, investigations report that at least 42 % of the root causes of failure in rotating machinery are related with bearings. To detect the bearing condition many techniques have been developed. One of the most reliable is vibration analysis. The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) has been used for vibration analysis and has gained attention in recent years, a topic of controversy in this method is the selection of the Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) with fault information. Statistical parameters can be used to describe the characteristics of vibration signals, this attribute can be exploited to select the IMFs. There are many time domain features used for signal analysis. In this research, a study of 17 statistical parameters was made to determine which one is the best to represent IMFs with fault information. As a result of this analysis a new methodology based on HHT is proposed. This methodology deals with the IMF selection with the use of KR (Kurtosis x RMS) to detect the IMFs with fault information, and can be used to detect incipient bearing faults. The proposed methodology was validated with 18 signals from the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Tian-Yau Wu, and the society for Machinery Failure Prevention Technology (MFPT Society) databases. For the 18 analyzed signals, only one IMF was wrongly selected. The cause of this error was the end defect produced in the EMD, this caused the KR amplitude to increase even tough the IMF did not have fault information. The results on the Envelope spectrum from 14 signals were clear with fault components with large amplitude. For the remaining four signals the results on the Envelope spectrum was noisy, but the fault fault components were distinguishable.
- Technological development of Alginate/Gelatin composite hydrogel fabricated by microextrusion based printing for tissue regeneration(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2018-05-14) Urruela Barrios, Rodrigo Alejandro; Ortega Lara, Wendy de Lourdes; Alvarez Guerra, Alejandro; Vázquez Lepe, Elisa Vrginia; García López, ErikaAlginate hydrogels have shown an enormous potential for tissue engineering due to its non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and structural similarity to extracellular matrices. To produce these hydrogels, different manufacturing techniques can be used, including microextrusion 3D printing. Current efforts for hydrogels in tissue engineering are centered on improving bioactivity and mechanical properties by the incorporation of a second biopolymer or bioceramics; and loading these materials with pharmaceutical drugs to promote a better healing process. In this work, the study of the synthesis process of alginate/gelatin hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) and loaded with ibuprofen, its extrusion in a modified 3D Printer, and its material characterization were proposed. The hydrogel systems were successfully micro-extruded by tuning the concentration of the pre-crosslinking agent up to 0.20 w/v% and a rheological profile was obtained. FT-IR, XRD, and TGA were used to perform a physicochemical characterization and prove the growth of ibuprofen crystals inside the porous material. For the drug loading, stable microemulsions were obtained with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as emulsifier and various solvents, including dichloromethane. The pores of the crosslinked printed structures were measured using SEM and resulted in an average pore size from 160 μm to 40 μm, depending on the material composition, all with adequate porosity for tissue engineering. Furthermore, the hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and beta-TCP showed enhanced mechanical properties up to 65 MPa of elastic modulus. Controllable drug loading was achieved up to 35 w/w% of the dry hydrogel with more than 50% of the loaded ibuprofen dissolving in less than one hour. Additionally, while the hydrogel was microextruded in the 3D printer, it was found that as more layers of the design were deposited in the built platform, there was an increase of the line width of the bottom layers due to its viscous deformation. Shrinkage of the design when the hydrogel is crosslinked and later freeze-dried was also measured and found to be up to 27% from the printed design. Overall, the approach taken enables to synthesize a printable composite alginate solution, loaded with an API, with adequate physical properties for tissue regeneration.