Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- SARS-CoV-2 facemask-based diagnostics derived from pooled samples(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-12-04) Limón Mazo, Liliana María; Mahlknecht, Jürgen; emimmayorquin; Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Moisés Álvarez, MarioThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic has caused a tremendous impact on lives and economies. During the outbreak, clinical testing via reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was implemented to establish a surveillance system for COVID-19. However, clinical testing reached soon its testing capacity and many people remain undiagnosed due to the relatively long incubation time of 14 days, increasing the risk of spreading the virus. Thus, alternative testing tools need to be developed to enable accessible, inexpensive, and reliable surveillance of virus transmission in communities. In this study, a proof-of-concept for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis based on pooled wastewater samples from used facemasks was developed as a testing alternative. For the development of this test, a methodology for purification of SARS-CoV-2 synthetic DNA with silica nanoparticles was adapted, and different viral RNA concentrations were successfully evaluated with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), nested PCR, and spectrophotometry using Nanodrop. Consistent, positive results were obtained with all the concentrations evaluated, obtaining amplification bands of 200 bp and mean viral loads between 42 - 275 ng/uL. This technology can serve as a solid epidemiological tool to be applied in future epidemiologic health threats to the world population.
- Tiempo de resolución de cetoacidosis diabética en pacientes con COVID-19 como factor de riesgo para mortalidad(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-01-10) García Vega, Alberto; Sánchez Ávila, Juan Francisco; emipsanchez; Pérez Alba, Eduardo; Garza Salinas, Sergio; Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud; Campus Monterrey; Castillo Castro, CarolinaIntroducción: Durante la pandemia de COVID 19 se observó un aumento de la mortalidad en pacientes diabéticos que presentaron una cetoacidosis diabética asociada a la infección por SARS CoV2. Los pacientes con mayor edad, raza negra e hispana fueron los que presentaron una mayor mortalidad. El tiempo de resolución del estado de cetoacidosis diabética asociada a infección por SARS CoV2 fue mayor en comparación a otra causa detonante de CAD. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es determinar sí un tiempo de resolución mayor a 36 horas del estado de cetoacidosis diabética aumenta la mortalidad en pacientes hispanos infectados por SARS-CoV2. Materiales y Métodos: Este es un estudio casos y controles, retrospectivo, analítico, comparativo y observacional en el cual se determinó si un tiempo de resolución mayor a 36 horas del estado de cetoacidosis diabética impacta en la mortalidad en pacientes hispanos con infecciónn por SARS-CoV2. Resultados: Se incluyeron 59 pacientes (edad promedio: 47 [DE, ±15.98] años, hombres: 33 [55.9 %]). Se observó mortalidad en 18 pacientes (30.5%). Los pacientes con infección por SARS CoV2 y cetoacidosis diabética que tuvieron una resolución menor a 36 horas presentaron un OR para mortalidad de 4.06 (IC 95% 1.21-13.5, p <0.05). En el análisis multivariado no se encontró diferencia significativa con un OR 3.59 ([0.95-13.54], p=0.059). La gravedad de la infección por SARS CoV2 al ingreso se identificó como un factor de riesgo de mortalidad con un OR 9.64 [(2.38-39], p<0.05). Conclusión: El principal factor de riesgo para mortalidad es la gravedad de la infección por SARS CoV2. En este estudio observamos en el análisis univariado que un menor tiempo de resolución de CAD tiene un mayor riesgo de mortalidad en los pacientes infectados por SARS CoV2, sin embargo, no encontramos tal diferencia en el análisis multivariado.
- Development of a pseudotyped lentivirus-based assay to measure neutralizing antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-09) Cruz Cárdenas, José Antonio; Brunck, Marion Emilie Genevieve; puelquio; Palomares Aguilera, Laura Alicia; Licona Cassani, Cuauhtémoc; Guitierrez Mayret, Michelle; Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyThe SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic declared by the WHO in March 2020, which has caused more than 172 million confirmed cases and 3.69 million deaths worldwide to date. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to the development of antibodies in patients. The presence of neutralizing antibodies protects against SARS-CoV-2 infections and is an essential parameter that confirms the success of vaccination. The titration of neutralizing antibodies by classical methods is not trivial since it requires the use of replicative virus, which implies a high risk of infection and requires facilities certified with the BSL-3 biosafety level. Mexico is one of the countries most affected by SARS-CoV-2 and there are not enough facilities to carry out effective immunity monitoring. Here, this thesis presents the results of a multi-institutional national collaboration in the design of a non-replicative pseudovirus that expresses the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on its surface, which is applied in the development of a method for quantifying SARS-CoV neutralizing antibodies. The development of this assay will facilitate the characterization and monitoring of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2, and can be easily modified to monitor immunity against emerging variants in the country. To the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first report of measuring neutralizing antibody to SARS-CoV-2 in the Mexican population using a pseudovirus system.