Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Incidence and symptomatology of orthotospoviruses infecting horticultural crops in Mexico(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2025-06) Mora Ugalde, María de los Ángeles; Díaz Lara, Alfredo; emimmayorquin; Valiente Banuet, Juan; Tovar Pedraza, Juan Manuel; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyMexico is a leading exporter of horticultural products, with agriculture representing a significant portion of the country's annual economic value. Viral diseases in crops are frequently overlooked, despite their potential to cause severe damage. This work aims to assess the presence and impact of viruses in tomatoes, bell peppers, and lettuce, particularly by those viral agents belonging to the genus Orthotospovirus. Despite the importance of tomatoes in Mexico, limited research has addressed the incidence of orthotospoviruses in their production. Consequently, field surveys were conducted in major horticultural regions of Mexico, where symptomatic and asymptomatic tomato plants were sampled and tested for Orthotospovirus infection, including tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV, Orthotospovirus tomatomaculae), Impatiens necrotic virus (INSV, Orthotospovirus impatiensnecromaculae), ground ring spot virus (GRSV, Orthotospovirus arachianuli), tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV, Orthotospovirus tomatoflavi), watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV, Orthotospovirus citrullomaculosi) and melon yellow spot virus (MYSV, Orthotospovirus meloflavi) using molecular diagnostics. Likewise, the prevalence of INSV in lettuce was determined through ImmunoStrips, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and sequence analysis, representing the first identification of INSV in the Bajio region. Another critical aspect of this work includes cross-infection dynamics in bell peppers. Using high-throughput sequencing (HTS), a natural mixed infection by INSV and tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV, Tobamovirus fructirugosum) was discovered, which may have implications for the pathogen-host interaction. Overall, the results of this study will contribute to understanding the distribution and economic impact of orthotospoviruses in Mexico, as well as their interactions with other plant viruses. Finally, this research seeks to increase awareness among growers and stakeholders about the risks these viruses pose to horticultural production in Mexico and highlights the importance of disease surveillance and management strategies.
- Effects of colored shading nets on quality parameters and phytochemical profile of bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-12) Aréchiga Núñez, Elías Nibardo; Valiente Banuet, Juan Ignacio; puemcuervo, emimayorquin; Hernández Brenes, Carmen; Fierros Romero, Grisel; Núñez Palenius, Héctor Gordon; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyThe majority of Bell pepper production is carried out under protected agriculture conditions. Shading nets provide protection from high light intensities and environmental hazards. The use of photo-selective shading nets is an emergent agro-technological technique that pursues crop quality improvement by modifying the light environment and plant microclimate. Blue, gray, and black shading nets were used to test their effect on the phytochemical profile and quality parameters of red, orange, and yellow bell peppers (cv. 'Ocelot', 'Orbit', and 'Sabour' respectively) and compare them with fruits grown under unshaded conditions. Modified light characteristics under the photo-selective nets slightly enhanced the fruit weight and size of the three cultivars. The blue shading net favored the accumulation of -carotene in the three cultivars and enhanced the total phenolic content of ‘Sabour’. The gray shading net increased the total phenolic content of ‘Orbit’ and the antioxidant activity of ‘Ocelot’. The black shading net incremented the antioxidant activity of ‘Orbit’ and ‘Sabour’. Unshaded conditions increased the total phenolic content of ‘Ocelot’. This cultivar, ‘Ocelot’, showed the highest -carotene content and antioxidant activity among cultivars while ‘Sabour’ had the highest phenolic content. Temperature and relative humidity under the shading nets and fruit firmness were not significantly affected by the treatments. The differences in phytochemicals and quality traits due to color of shading net were minor for most of the fruit parameters evaluated.