Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions modeling for the cement production industry in Mexico(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024) Murrieta Melchor, Mariana; Santoyo Castelazo, Edgar; emimmayorquin; Ledezma Martínez, Minerva; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de México; García Kerdan, IvánThe world is working on strategies to face climate change, of which mitigating emissions is crucial. In the long term, one of the most significant challenges is to meet the needs of society while incorporating sustainable processes that consider such mitigation. Currently, cement industry contributes to emissions generation within its core processes, accounting for over 8% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Mexico is an emerging economy with a great need for infrastructure development, which leads to an increasing cement demand. Population and economic growth tendencies are vital for predicting this industry’s demand. Different emissions mitigation strategies can be assessed with this macroeconomic perspective to determine their adaptation and implementation in the Mexican context. Aiming to collaborate in the global efforts to address climate change, this study proposed a research framework that provided a perspective on implementing mitigation strategies in the Mexican cement production industry by 2050. This framework provided an overview of the national cement industry, followed by a Business-As-Usual scenario construction with macroeconomic indicators, from which five alternative scenarios were derived. Energy and emissions modeling was carried out for each scenario using the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP). The alternative scenarios were based on national, international, and private sector emissions reduction targets for the cement production process in Mexico. These scenarios were discussed through a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, finding that carbon capture technologies are essential for significantly reducing GHG emissions. However, these technologies are not fully developed nor accessible for the industry to adopt with the required urgency. Additionally, clinker-to-cement ratio reduction represents an essential measure to reduce process-related emissions. Finally, reaching the emissions reduction targets of the scenarios requires concerted efforts between the private and public sectors. The novelty of this work resides in: (a) concentrating cement production industry performance in a single information and data platform; (b) adopting the modeled emissions reduction targets and their contextualization to Mexico; and (c) adjusting an appropriate methodology framework to evaluate a critical industrial sector. Moreover, this framework could be used for future research on emissions mitigation pathways in other national industrial sectors.
- Life cycle assessment of bioethanol production from sugarcane bagasse: A case study for Mexico(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-02-11) Zurita García, Lizbeth; ZURITA GARCIA, LIZBETH; 855284; Santoyo Castelazo, Edgar; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Atilgan Turkmen, Burcin; Ramírez Mendoza, Ricardo Ambrocio; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de MéxicoAccording to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to 2030, significant efforts would be required to increase the production of more affordable and clean energies to achieve net-zero emissions in energy systems (SDG7), while executing climate actions (SDG13) to limit global temperature increases below 2°C. According to IEA (International Energy Agency), in 2018 transport represented the second most pollutant sector worldwide, with 25% (8,258 Mt CO2) of total CO2 emissions (33,513.3 Mt CO2) globally; therefore, its decarbonization has become one of the most challenging targets. Bioenergy represented one-tenth of the total primary energy supply worldwide, then it is considered a viable alternative to diversify the worldwide energy mix supply. Thus, second-generation biofuels will potentially play a more significant role in the transport sector. In Mexico, bioenergy represents 5% of total primary energy production. Therefore, this work aims to assess the environmental sustainability of bioethanol production from a second-generation feedstock as sugarcane bagasse. This research considered a novel integrated methodology based on a cradle-to-grave life cycle perspective, including four main stages: i) a systematic literature review, ii) data collection, iii) process simulation of the chemical conversion via gasification, iv) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) (based on the ISO 14040-44 framework) interpretation, and v) validation of results. As part of the results, under a cradle-to-grave boundary, the carbon footprint was 26,689 kg CO2eq with a defined functional unit of 1,000 L of bioethanol. The majority of the CO2eq emissions were attributed to the bioethanol production with 25.3 % and use in vehicle stages with 68.7 %. As conclusions, the results obtained in this study and comparing with other studies suggest that Mexico has a great potential for producing second-generation biofuels. Nevertheless, plans and actions as scenarios, improvements, and further sustainability assessment, as proposed in this work, need to be considered in future work.