Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Effect of a high protein diet from a vegetal and animal source on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis in a murine model(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-12-18) Sánchez Cisneros, Mayra Selene; Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette; hermlugo/tolmquevedo; Morales Medina, Julio César; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Serna Saldívar, Sergio Román OthónThe gut-brain axis is a complex bidirectional communication system that allows an intimate connection between both organs through different mechanisms. Recent studies regarding the gut microbiota now support its prominent role in modifying behavior and cognition. As consequence, there has been a growing interest in studying various dietary strategies to modulate behavior targeting the gut microbiota. High protein diets, both of plant and animal origin, have become popular as a dietary intervention due to their beneficial effects on metabolism; however, in high amounts, harmful effects on the intestinal microbiota can occur, so this type of diet is still a matter of debate. The present work aims to investigate whether diets high in protein from either plant or animal origin are capable of inducing changes in the gut-brain axis in a murine model. Thirty C57BL/6 mice were assigned to three treatment groups (n = 10 per group) and were fed a normal control diet (NC) or hyper-protein diets of plant (HPV) or animal (HPA) origin for 8 weeks, being monitored by weight, behavior and composition of the microbiota. The behavior analysis was carried out at the end of the dietary intervention using three behavioral tests: elevated plus maze test, 'Y' shaped maze, and forced swimming test. Different levels of activity with statistical significance (p<0.05) were present in all tests, except from the ‘Y’ shaped maze. Following dietary intervention, changes in the concentration of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium (p<0.05) and Enterobacteriaceae (p<0.05) were measured by quantitative PCR. Contrastingly, a significant reduction in the concentration of short chain fatty acids (p<0.05) was found on the luminal contents of mice, a measurement done via Gas Chromatography. The results of this research will allow to make more careful recommendations in the undertaking of dietary interventions with a greater contribution of protein in relation to other macronutrients.
- High-Protein Diets Effect on Metabolic Profiles, Gut Microbiota and Inflammation Markers in a Murine Model(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-12-18) Bárcena Lozano, Laura; Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette; tolmquevedo; Zabala Arcos, Judith; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Serna Saldívar, Sergio OthónDietary food is a key factor that limits the composition of microbial communities in the gut. Extreme diets cause a gut microbiota dysbiosis, modifying immunological markers and being able to produce inflammation in diverse organs. Specialized diets for losing weight and gaining muscle mass, and a raising economical support to obtain meat products in the market have doubled the recommended protein consumption amongst the population. The aim of this work was to elucidate the effects over metabolic profiles, gut microbial communities and inflammation markers that a high-protein diet, vegetal- and animal- based, can cause in a murine model. 27 male mice of 17 weeks of life (Mus musculus C57BL/6) divided in 3 groups: 1) vegetal, 2) animal and 3) standard were fed ad libitum with a high-protein diet (25- 30 %) for 7.5 weeks, following the directions of CICUAL and the Vivarium of Tecnológico de Monterrey. Mice were weighted every week. After the experimental phase, epididymal fat was measured in every group. Also, cecum samples were analysed by qPCR to evaluate the changes in gut microbiota (total bacteria, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterobacteria). Blood samples were collected to obtain serum, and the inflammation markers TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 and were analysed by Milliplex® MAP technology and the CRP by ELISA. The statistical tool Minitab® was used to process the results through ANOVA and transforming the data when necessary. Vegetal-based protein diet individuals had more epididymal fat than the rest of the groups. Moreover, they showed a higher IL-10 production as well as the CG. Nevertheless, microbial communities were compromised in the animal-based protein diet, showing signs of dysbiosis, although not presenting excessive production of inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, metabolism of a protein excess with similar amino acid profile may have negative consequences in amino acid utilization and formation of by-products, gut microbiota profiles and inflammation in gut depending on the protein source.