Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Postbiotic effect evaluation of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum 299v lysates obtained through ultrasonication against common skin pathogenic bacteria(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-12-18) Gutiérrez Prieto, Blanca; Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette; tolmquevedo; González-Valdez, José; Benavides Lozano, Jorge; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyThe skin microbiome refers to the community of microorganisms that reside on the human skin. There’s an important equilibrium and protection relationship among these microorganisms and the skin that is achieved through metabolite production, immunomodulation and colonization. Microbiota alterations result in dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbial communities that is associated with the development of cutaneous diseases such as acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and impetigo. To recover the skin equilibrium, probiotic bacteria and postbiotic use are attractive approaches because of their role in disease modulation through possible elimination of pathogenic bacteria. Since postbiotics are molecules such as enzymes, proteins and soluble factors produced or released by the probiotic bacteria metabolism, there is less associated risk in comparison with administrating live bacteria through exogenous applications. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of postbiotics obtained from L. acidophilus and L. plantarum 299v lysates against the common skin pathogens Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Lysates were obtained through ultrasonication (US) alone or a combination and freeze-thawing and US (FT+US). Antimicrobial activity of lysates, supernatants, non-lysed and heat-killed cells was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method and total protein of the lysates was quantified using the Bicinchoninic Acid assay. In this work, results confirm the significant antimicrobial activity of the ultrasonicated lysates of L. acidophilus against S. aureus and C. acnes, while L. plantarum 299 lysates only showed an effect against C. acnes. Also, the presence of acids is directly correlated with the formation of inhibition zones for L. plantarum 299v pH 3.8 supernatant. Lysates result in a complete loss of antimicrobial activity after heating at 80°C for 1.5 h, which suggests a possible denaturalization of antimicrobial peptides. It is concluded L. acidophilus and L. plantarum 299v postbiotics obtained through cellular lysis using sonication present a strain dependent antimicrobial effect that could be applied to prevent skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and atopic dermatitis.
- High-Protein Diets Effect on Metabolic Profiles, Gut Microbiota and Inflammation Markers in a Murine Model(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-12-18) Bárcena Lozano, Laura; Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette; tolmquevedo; Zabala Arcos, Judith; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Serna Saldívar, Sergio OthónDietary food is a key factor that limits the composition of microbial communities in the gut. Extreme diets cause a gut microbiota dysbiosis, modifying immunological markers and being able to produce inflammation in diverse organs. Specialized diets for losing weight and gaining muscle mass, and a raising economical support to obtain meat products in the market have doubled the recommended protein consumption amongst the population. The aim of this work was to elucidate the effects over metabolic profiles, gut microbial communities and inflammation markers that a high-protein diet, vegetal- and animal- based, can cause in a murine model. 27 male mice of 17 weeks of life (Mus musculus C57BL/6) divided in 3 groups: 1) vegetal, 2) animal and 3) standard were fed ad libitum with a high-protein diet (25- 30 %) for 7.5 weeks, following the directions of CICUAL and the Vivarium of Tecnológico de Monterrey. Mice were weighted every week. After the experimental phase, epididymal fat was measured in every group. Also, cecum samples were analysed by qPCR to evaluate the changes in gut microbiota (total bacteria, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterobacteria). Blood samples were collected to obtain serum, and the inflammation markers TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 and were analysed by Milliplex® MAP technology and the CRP by ELISA. The statistical tool Minitab® was used to process the results through ANOVA and transforming the data when necessary. Vegetal-based protein diet individuals had more epididymal fat than the rest of the groups. Moreover, they showed a higher IL-10 production as well as the CG. Nevertheless, microbial communities were compromised in the animal-based protein diet, showing signs of dysbiosis, although not presenting excessive production of inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, metabolism of a protein excess with similar amino acid profile may have negative consequences in amino acid utilization and formation of by-products, gut microbiota profiles and inflammation in gut depending on the protein source.