Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Synthesis and characterization of a natural-based hydrogel for biomedical applications(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-06-01) Ramírez Martínez, Carolina; Ramírez Martínez, Carolina; 0000-0003-2627-159X; Medina Medina, Dora Iliana; puelquio/mscuervo; Moya Bencomo, Marcos David; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Estado de México; Valencia Lazcano, Anai AliciaRecently, the scientific community has shown great interest in the use and modification of natural polymers as biomaterials with biomedical applications. The above is because of their high potential as coatings, excellent biocompatibility, and high bioactivity. Thanks to their broad catalog of modifiable properties and their good integration with tissues, hydrogels are widely used as materials matrices to facilitate wound healing, implants, controlled drug release, and low friction surfaces. Nowadays, it is possible to perform highly technological emergency procedures that allow the prevalence of human life, such as endotracheal intubations. However, when performed for an extended period, complications such as a joint tear, and airway obstruction can occur due to friction derived from the characteristics of the materials used. This master’s thesis proposes the synthesis and characterization of a hydrogel derived from natural sources as lubricating and relatively low-friction materials for their potential incorporation as coating of endotracheal tubes. The crosslinking of these hydrogels was accomplished physically using keratin and polysaccharides such as agar-agar and carboxymethylcellulose and was evaluated their water absorption at different concentrations. The morphological characteristics and porous architecture of the hydrogels were determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Chemical characterization was carried out using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) which made it possible to identify the functional groups that allowed the absorption of water from this material. The absorption of water from this material was evaluated by obtaining swelling rates up to 36.1912. The experiments carried out allowed to classify the hydrogel as a super absorbent and highly biocompatible material. The friction coefficients obtained are considered low; however, more research is needed to improve the lubrication of these surfaces. It was demonstrated that the implementation of interpenetrated networks increases the complexity of the properties of the hydrogel.
- Desarrollo y análisis de estructuras reticulares por impresión 3D a base de acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-12) Ceciliano Franco, Diego Sebastián; Medina Medina, Dora Iliana; hermlugo/tolmquevedo; Herrera Franco, Pedro Jesús; Vargas Hernández, Claudia Noemi; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Estado de MéxicoUna estructura se basa en tres puntos principales; estar formada por la unión de elementos, brindar soporte, mostrar poca o ninguna deformación. Bajo esta terminología, las estructuras se han aplicado en diversos campos, todos ellos enfocados a la resistencia del estrés y la absorción de energía; uno de estos modelos son las estructuras de celosía, diseños realizados mediante una arreglo de celdas con diferentes geometrías. Por lo tanto, sigue siendo necesario desarrollar futuros sistemas de refuerzo superiores a trav´es de diseños novedosos e ingeniosos. Este proyecto consistió en emplear la triangulación para modelar y simular diferentes estructuras con celdas reticulares, modificando sus paredes de celda, el modelaje se desarrolló en SOLIDWORKS bajo el criterio de soportar cargas de compresión y mostrar baja deformación; una vez que se obtuvieron los modelos de celda deseados se procedió a imprimir las estructuras utilizando el método de Modelado por Deposición Fundida o FDM por sus siglas en inglés, la impresora 3D que se usó fue una M-200 de la marca Zortrax y se empleó el polímero ABS (acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno) para someterlas a pruebas de compresión en una máquina de pruebas universal. Shimadzu 300-H NKI. Los resultados obtenidos con las pruebas físicas se compararon con las simulaciones, analizando las zonas de mayor esfuerzo, en dichas zonas se llevó una inspección empelando microscopia óptica y de barrido, en busca de las fallas estructurales que se hicieron presentes ya sea por efecto de la carga aplicada o por defecto de manufactura y se realiza una comparación entre los distintos modelos, en busca de obtener la estructura con el mejor desempeño mecánico. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, al aplicar cargas, el diseño de triángulo curvo presenta un comportamiento mecánico superior, sin embargo, cuando se combinan los modelos rectos y curvos se adquiere una estructura con altas propiedades mecánicas, demostrando una alta absorción de energía.
- Synthesis and biotriborheological characterization of shea butter solid lipid nanoparticles in topical formulation(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-11-23) Aviles Castrillo, Jose Ivan; MEDINA MEDINA, DORA ILIANA; 40536; Medina Medina, Dora Iliana; tolmquevedo; Valencia Lazcano, Anai Alicia; School of Engineeting and Science; Campus Estado de México; Quintanar Guerrero, DavidSolid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) are pharmaceutical delivery system and pharmaceutical formulation that provide great biocompatibility and efficiency of encapsulation. The current challenge is the storage of these due to the time they agglomerate reducing their properties. An effective way to validate its stability in storage is conducting rheology studies. Shea Butter SLN is used, with the purpose of having a higher antioxidant effect. It has been performed the synthesis, by hot homogenization technique, with an excellent stability. We validated its penetration capacity and perform different characterizations as for example Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Confocal Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), DSC, DLS and Zeta potential. It gave us an mean particle size of 213 nm, with a zeta potential of -40 mV and obtaining a circular morphology; Therefore, we can affirm that a correct synthesis of these nanoparticles was carried out, due to their size and stability since after 3 months of storage they did not show significant growth. Because of Confocal Microscopy studies, due to their property that SLNs are autoflowering, it was possible to validate that Shea Butter Solid Lipid Nanoparticles can penetrate the epidermis. Triborheological studies were carried out such as Oscillatory stress sweep, Viscosity/shear rate profile, Normal stress profile and Sliding speed sweep in this way we identify and quantify the impact of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in topical formulations. It was discovered that SLNs had lower Coefficient of Friction than those containing bulk lipids. SLNs in topical formulations have potential applications in the cosmetic as anti-aging agents this due to its antioxidant properties, skin occlusion, increased skin hydration and potential antiinflammatory properties.
- Pre- and post-processing of PET-G 3D prints of honeycomb cellular structure for high energy absorption and surface engineering(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-06) Basurto Vázquez, Olimpia; MEDINA MEDINA, DORA ILIANA; 40536; VALENCIA LAZCANO, ANAI ALICIA; 230234; SANCHEZ RODRIGUEZ, ELVIA PATRICIA; 100483; Medina Medina, Dora Iliana; RR; Valencia Lazcano, Anai Alicia; Stasiak, Joanna; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Estado de México; Sánchez Rodríguez, Elvia PatriciaUpon an impact, the resulting energy is manifested through unwanted damage to objects or persons. Therefore, it is essential to improve protective materials such that the system reduces injuries to the involved moving parts by the selection of material properties, design, and manufacturing processes. New materials with enhanced energy absorption capabilities are made of cellular structures. The hexagonal honeycomb structure is one of the most well-known for its space-filling capacity, structural stability, and high energy absorption potential. Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies have been effectively useful in a vast range of applications. The evolution of these technologies has been studied continuously, focusing on improving mechanical and structural characteristics of the 3D printed models, such as fracture toughness to resist impacts and crack propagation to create complex quality parts that not only satisfy design requirements but also functionality, mechanical properties, and cost. An accessible manufacturing technology, for creating complex structures, is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Nevertheless, this method has adverse surface features related to its layer by layer deposition. In this study, the 3D honeycomb structures of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) were fabricated by the FDM method. The process parameters considered are infill density and layer printing orientation. The effectiveness of the design is investigated by performing in-plane compression tests. The set of parameters that produces superior results for better energy absorption capabilities is determined by analyzing the welding between filament layers in the printed object by the FDM technology. The structures were subjected to a vaporized solvent bonding post-processing technique, and the investigation highlights the rationale of interlayer diffusion response and adhesion strength by applying a sol-gel hydrophobic coating. This study utilized roughness, hardness, and contact angle analyses to provide a better understanding of the solvent-polymer interactions to gain insight into the advantages and limitations of this technique.
- CO2 adsorption over Co13−xCux (x = 0, 6, 13) nanoclusters supported on pyridinic N3-doped graphene: A density functional theory study(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey) Martínez Espinosa, Jesús Alberto; ROJAS CHAVEZ, HUGO; 42589; Medina Medina, Dora Iliana; puelquio, emipsanchez; Rojas Chávez, Hugo; Peña Castañeda, Yesica Antonio; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Estado de México; Cruz Martínez, HeribertoThe aim of this study was to investigate CO2 adsorption on Co13−xCux/pyridinic N3-doped graphene (PNG). First, the magnetic, structural and energetic properties of the free-standing nanoclusters were analyzed, then the stability of the nanoclusters supported on PNG was studied. Finally, CO2 adsorption on the nanoclusters/PNG system was studied. The research was carried out with the use of density functional theory (DFT).
