Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Coffee pulp polysaccharides with potential immunomodulatory activity(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-07-10) García Campuzano, Jacqueline; Gutiérrez Uribe, Janet Alejandra; puemcuervo; Luna Vital, Diego Armando; Aguilar Jiménez, Oscar Alejandro; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyCoffee is one of the most valuable primary products in world trade and its agricultural production and consumption are part of Mexican culture. Coffee pulp is the first byproduct obtained during the wet processing of coffee. This waste is rich in macronutrients and contains considerable amounts of tannins, total pectic substances, sugars, caffeine, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid. These components have multiple beneficial health properties. This has led to the generation of a line of research for the study of biologically active ingredients such as specific polysaccharides that may present immunostimulatory activity for the treatment of diseases. The following project assessed the immunomodulatory potential of different pectin extracts from coffee pulp. The extraction of polysaccharides that may have an immunomodulatory activity was the main objective of this investigation along with the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds present in the extracts. The interactions between the polysaccharides and phenolic compounds present in the extracts are key for understanding their dual immunomodulatory effect. This could contribute to the treatment and prevention of immunodeficiency diseases. This project was structured in three main stages: extraction of pectin from coffee pulp, separation and quantification of phenolic compounds in the extracts and evaluation of the immunomodulatory potential of the polysaccharides. Dry coffee pulp samples were collected from Tezonapa, Veracruz. Pectin extractions were carried out with different experimental factors, such as the type of solvent (water and acidified water to pH 4 using citric acid at a 1% concentration), pulp: solvent ratio (1:10 and 1:20), agitation (with and without agitation), temperature (90 °C and 70 °C) and washing method (dialysis and ethanol washes). The content of total phenolic compounds, caffeine and caffeic acid of the extracted pectin samples was also evaluated. Finally, cytotoxicity assays in mouse machrophages cell line (RAW264.7) were performed to evaluate the growth induction of the different extracts. LPSinduced inflammatory response of this cell line was also evaluated.
- Reduction of chemical oxygen demand of nejayote and production of potentially bioactive polysaccharides after fermentation with alkaline microalgae-cyanobacteria consortium(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-06-14) Del valle Real, Marinat; Gutiérrez Uribe, Janet Alejandra; 274602; Gutiérrez Uribe, Janet Alejandra; puemcuervo; Luna Vital, Diego Armando; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Puebla; Franco Morgado, MarianaAlkaline wastewater from maize lime-cooking, commonly known in Mexico as nejayote, contains a significant amount of soluble solids and a chemical oxygen demand (COD) higher than 11,400 ± 141 mg O2 L-1. After a sedimentation process, supernatants of this effluent were fermented for 15 days with an alkaliphilic microalgae-cyanobacteria consortium (AMC). The project was divided in two parts: a laboratory scale and pilot scale. At laboratory scale, flasks of 1000 mL were used to growth AMC in mineral salt medium (MSM) used as control (M) and inoculum. Nejayote was obtained from a local tortilla bakery and sterilized (NE and N) to compare the effect of endogenous microorganisms besides AMC in the production of byproducts after their fermentation. In addition, nejayote was used as a blank without AMC (NB). For pilot scale a 100 L High-Rate Algal Pond (HRAP) photobioreactor was used where AMC was grown with MSM (MSM-HRAP), nejayote was used to grow AMC (N-HRAP) and nejayote was used as a blank (NB-HRAP). At laboratory scale M produced higher AMC biomass, reaching 228%, than N, NE, or NB, which reached 35%, 26% and 28%, respectively. After 15 days, a pH reduction was observed in N fermentation going from 9.5 to 8.76 in contrast to the increase from 9 to 10 in M. NE showed the best COD removal, reaching more than 50% efficiency after 12 days of fermentation. For pilot scale NB-HRAP produced the highest biomass concentration reaching 300% after 7 days. None of the fermentations showed a significant COD removal since organic matter such as carbohydrates increased. Significant differences were observed in the polysaccharides and protein content of the biomass recovered from control (M) compared with the fermentation process using nejayote as a culture media. Particularly, NB had the highest intracellular protein (ICP) content with a 24% ± 2% DW, followed by NE with 19% ± 0.4% and N with 16% ± 1%. Moreover, an increase of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and proteins was observed during the fermentations reaching a maximum concentration of 16217 土 1910 μg mL-1 and 7475 土 2152 μg mL-1 at day 6. Further analysis of the amino acid profile, functionality, and stability of this potential single cell protein (SCP) production process should be considered to promote the use of this strategy to reduce COD and generate added value products.
- Changes in the activity of CYP450 3A4 induced by kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, major flavonol found in black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed coat extract.(2017-12-01) Serna Guerrero, Delia Ayled; Gutiérrez Uribe, Janet Alejandra; Antunes Ricardo, Marilena; Hernández Hernández, José Ascención; Antunes Ricardo, MarilenaSupplements have increase the popularity of herbal medicine as complementary and/or alternative therapies in the treatment of many disorders, because of this there is a potential possibility for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interaction between xenobiotics. The health promoting effects of natural foods and dietary supplements containing herbal constituents is believed to be caused by the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. Black bean flavonoids have been shown to have biological effects as antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory, anticholesterolemic, and have anticancerous properties. These interactions can attenuate or enhance drug effects and toxicity by interfering with permeability, phase I metabolism and the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. Keywords: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug interactions, CyP450, hepatocytes, HepG2, Caco2, permeability, cellular antioxidant activity, flavonoids, black bean, quercetin, kaempferol, CPC