Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Development and evaluation of a sugarcane bagasse biochar electrode for sensing and anodic oxidation of organic pollutants in soft drink industry wastewater(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2025-12-02) Monzón de la Cruz, Sarai; Cervantes Avilés, Pabel Antonio; mtyahinojosa, emipsanchez; Huerta Aguilar, Carlos Alberto; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Lozano Gutiérrez, Gerardo IvánBiochar derived from sugarcane bagasse was engineered and evaluated as a low-cost electrochemical material for glucose detection and for the anodic oxidation of soft drink industry wastewater. The material was modified with nickel species to enhance its redox activity and catalytic behavior. In the first part of the study, the nickel-modified biochar electrode was characterized electrochemically to assess its performance as a glucose sensor in alkaline media. Chronoamperometric measurements at 0.6 V in 0.1 M KOH revealed a linear detection range from 0.1 to 1.0 g/L, a sensitivity of 1.0843 mA·g/L, and a limit of detection of 0.18 g/L (1.021 mM). The electrode exhibited stable, reproducible responses across multiple additions and replicates, confirming its suitability for high-concentration glucose environments typical of beverage production residues. In the second part, the electrode was applied to the anodic oxidation of wastewater simulating soft drink industry effluents. Electrolysis experiments conducted at 5-7 V achieved 80–100% removal of organic carbon, as confirmed by TOC analyses and supported by an increase in inorganic carbon, demonstrating substantial mineralization. Chronoamperometric comparison with boron-doped diamond (BDD) showed that while BDD displayed rising current associated with hydroxyl radical generation, the NiO-modified biochar electrode exhibited a decreasing current profile attributed to Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺ mediation yet retained high degradation performance. Additional studies on voltage and current density revealed a direct dependence of removal efficiency on the applied electrochemical load (R² ≈ 0.99). The combined results indicate that nickel-modified biochar electrodes are an effective, sustainable, and economical alternative for both sensing and advanced oxidation processes in high-strength industrial wastewater. Their performance, derived from low-cost biomass waste, highlights their potential for scalable implementation.
- The Rising Sea-Level Caused by Climate Change in Quintana Roo, Mexico: A Model-Based Study of Vulnerability and Adaptation(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-12-02) Mondragón Muñoz, Valeria Fernanda; Cervantes Avilés, Pabel Antonio; emimmayorquin; Batalini de Macedo, Marina; Campus Ciudad de México; Huerta Aguilar, Carlos AlbertoQuintana Roo is a state in Mexico with a population of 1.9 million inhabitants. This state has an extensive coastal region widely known for its tourist destinations such as Cancún, Tulúm, and Playa del Carmen, among others. However, the impacts of climate change pose increasing challenges for this region, such as the rise in sea level. The main objective of this work was to determine the risks posed by rising sea levels and how they intersect with local economic and environmental factors. This study determined climatic anomalies using a climatic model (CMIP6), created a sea-level rise simulation, and assessed potential adaptation strategies. The research revealed that the temperature anomaly in a stabilization scenario could increase to 2°C by 2100, aligning with the goal of the United Nations in the Paris Agreement. Nevertheless, it can reach 4°C in a pessimistic scenario by 2100. Precipitation modeling results indicate that the rainfall may decrease by up to 10 mm/month in a stabilization scenario and up to 28 mm/month in a pessimistic scenario by 2100. The expected changes in these climatic conditions pose significant threats to the stability of the local ecosystems and communities in the area, such as the increase in the frequency and intensity of cyclones, heat waves, wildfires, coastal and fluvial flooding, and the elevation in sea level. About this last which is the aim of this work, the simulation of sea-level rise revealed that significant zones that hold both touristic and habitational infrastructure would be affected by this phenomenon. Considering that millions of people visit the destinations in Quintana Roo every year and that 85% of the state GDP depends on tertiary activities related to tourism, the activities related to this sector and its economy are unequivocally vulnerable to climate change hazards. To adapt the vulnerable areas against the potential adverse effects several actions in the coastal zones are considered. However, it is crucial to consider the knowledge gained through this study for making informed decisions and promoting effective strategies to protect the region and ensure sustainable development.
- Effects of ionic and nano selenium in the biogas production yield of the anaerobic co-digestion of harvested microalgae and sewage sludge(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-06) Hernández González, José Isaac; Cervantes Avilés, Pabel Antonio; emimmayorquin; Cervantes Avilés, Pabel Antonio; Cuevas Rodríguez, Germán; Valenzuela Reyes, Edgardo Iván; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de MéxicoThe aim of this work was to evaluate the most productive substrate ratio concentration of harvested microalgae (HM) and sewage sludge (SS) in the anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD), assessed through the biogas production yield, as well as find the most beneficial selenium (Se) form and concentration in the AcoD of the most productive HM/SS ratio concentration. Five reactors were filled with the following substrate ratio concentrations: 50HM/50SS, 30HM/70SS, 10HM/90SS, 70HM/30SS, and the control reactor (inoculum and distilled water). The AcoD of HM and SS was carried out in mesophilic conditions and biogas was measured through potential assays. Minimal decrease in COD was observed, but total solids (TS) decreased through the AcoD, giving as result the 70MA/30SS ratio concentration reactor with the most efficient features for biogas production yield. For the evaluation of effect of Se in the AcoD of HM and SS, ionic and nano Se was added to four reactors with 70HM/30SS ratio concentration. Two nano Se and two ionic Se concentrations were used: 0.05 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L. Results indicated that the reactor with low concentration (LC) nano Se and high concentration (HC) nano Se displayed a 4.8 % biogas production enhancement, the reactor with LC ionic Se was the highest biogas production enhancement with 43.9 %, and the reactor with HC ionic Se demonstrated a 39.5 % biogas production improvement. The higher results in biogas production yield enhancement in the reactors with ionic Se added are attributed to the retention of ionic Se in the biomass of the digestate and the provision of essential nutrients, facilitating the synthesis of key enzymes and coenzymes, the promotion of the activity of anaerobic microorganisms could be carried out. In comparison with the reactors with nano Se, where Se NPs were precipitated since the beginning of the AcoD and the effects of nano Se couldn´t be applied.
- Synthesis and application of hydrogels with microalgae-bacteria for nutrient and PFDA removal from wastewater(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-11-28) Morán Valencia, Marien; Cervantes Avilés, Pabel Antonio; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Cárdenas Chávez, Diana Linda; Cuevas Rodríguez, Germán; Mata Gómez, Marco Arnulfo; Huerta Aguilar, Carlos Alberto; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Ciudad de MéxicoThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of hydrogels with a consortium of microalgae bacteria and activated carbon (AC) as function of nutrient removal in wastewater containing PFDA. Hydrogels were synthetized from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), and included biomass (microalgae-nitrifying bacteria), AC or both exposed to different aqueous conditions, namely raw wastewater, synthetic wastewater (SWW) with and without PFDA and PFDA solution. The performance of hydrogels was evaluated based on the change in ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3) concentrations, chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrification rate and other parameters during 72 h. Ammonium removal was possible by all hydrogels. The nitrification process was carried out by all hydrogels. Activated carbon was found to be effective as a nutrient adsorption medium in the presence of perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA). Regarding COD, this increased in all hydrogels could be due to the leaching the components of hydrogel. The best performance was observed for the hydrogel with 5 % of biomass without AC with a nitrification rate of 0.43 mg N/g TSS·h. Hydrogel with AC (HC) was the most effective for removing PFDA (38.5%) and the hydrogel that presented that highest resistance to PFDA during nutrient removal. HBC was the most efficient hydrogel for removing nutrients in presence of PFDA. Results indicated that the presence of PFDA did affect the processes of nutrient elimination in hydrogels with biomass due to the toxicity of the emerging pollutant.