Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud

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Design and validation of an IoT platform with adaptive data logging for remote real time monitoring of rapid changing variables in indoors and outdoors environments
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020-05-14) López Hernández, José Yael; CAMACHO LEON, SERGIO; 213140; LOPEZ HERNANDEZ, JOSE YAEL; 888357; VAZQUEZ PIÑON, MATIAS; 299241; MENDOZA BUENROSTRO, CHRISTIAN CARLOS; 295935; Camacho León, Sergio; Vázquez Piñón, Matias; Mendoza Buenrostro, Christian Carlos; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey
This thesis addresses the impact of Internet of Things (IoT) development as well as its growing importance in the industry of big economies like China and shows the development of an IoT platform for real-time data acquisition and display on a web page. From the beginning of this decade, the Chinese government has been focusing on the development of new technologies like IoT devices and services by investing in fast-growing cities through the implementation of the so-called "Science Cities". A research carried out in China, that had as scope the use of IoT technologies, resulting in the knowledge that there is a need of the development of IoT devices to fulfill the industry requirements, thus a prototype for remote data monitoring using a microcontroller capable to connect to Wi-Fi networks is proposed. The system prototype that was developed is based on a client-server architecture following a Device-To- Gateway communication model using on-the-shelf components for the measurement of humidity and temperature as well as acquiring Global Position System (GPS) information. For this system, a web page interface was designed to display the collected readings. The maintenance, accuracy, and consistency of data, referring to the data integrity, was obtained in every test performed using the system prototype. This prototype was tested in static indoor environments, where the devices did not change their location during the test, and dynamic outdoor environments, where the devices were shifting locations during the test. The obtaining _findings of the prototype performance show 94.76% of data integrity on the indoor static test and 76.76% using the web page in the same conditions. On the other hand, the outdoor dynamic test achieved a maximum of 44.66% of data integrity, which dropped to 17.24% by using the web page. It is observed how the use of the web page results in a decrease of the data integrity mostly because of the network compatibility between the Wi-Fi device and frequency bands that the network vendor uses to connect to the internet. A test performed using an adaptive method, where the temperature was constantly being modified, resulted in an increase in the efficiency of how the data is saved in the storage device achieving a data reduction of 74% and a final Comma-Separated Values (CSV) _le size decrease of 75%. The data acquired is then used for further processing by calculating the position based on the GPS latitude and longitude, the velocity using an approach with backward differences and acceleration using an approach with centered differences. The experimental results show that the IoT system prototype can be used for the measurements of environmental variables on indoor and outdoor applications.
Comparative analysis of power consumption between MQTT and HTTP protocols for an IoT platform designed and implemented for remote real-time monitoring of long-term cold chain transport operations.
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2020) Jara Ochoa, Heriberto Javier; CAMACHO LEON, SERGIO; 213140; JARA OCHOA, HERIBERTO JAVIER; 852655; VAZQUEZ PIÑON, MATIAS; 299241; CESPEDES MOTA, ARMANDO; 53083; Camacho León, Sergio; RR; Vázquez Piñón, Matias; Céspedes Mota, Armando; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey
In the actual world, huge technological advances in the IoT area have been developed in the course of the last few years. IoT systems have had an exponential growth and have contributed to the development of novel applications in industries, health, wearables, domotics, smart supply chains, logistics, among many others. Nowadays, IoT technological solutions have been invented and developed for the transport industry to monitor vehicles speed, avoid accidents, choose better routes, track supply chains, monitor load conditions, among others. The development and production of IoT devices in portable systems brings with it an increase in the importance of power consumption. For this, as alternatives to reduce power wastage, many communication protocols have been tested such as HTTP with the client-server model and MQTT with the publisher-subscriber model. In this thesis project, the prototype is intended to work on ground cargo transport to monitor temperature and humidity values of the load, and vehicle's location. Temperature, humidity and location variables are sent in real-time via Wi-Fi to a MySQL database and either to a web server created by the NodeMCU microcontroller or to a cloud-based broker. The experimentation is done in both HTTP and MQTT communication protocols in order to make a comparison and demonstrate the differences in power consumption. First, in this thesis project, research was made in the city of Hangzhou, considered as the capital of e-commerce in China, having as main scope the use of IoT technology and services in a first world country such as China. China has had an important growth in the number of IoT connections over the last 5 years, and in this thesis is pretended to make an analysis of the IoT technology in industries either because IoT solutions are used to be sold or to be implemented in manufacturing processes. In order to locate the area where IoT technology abounds, according to the results of the field investigation, most of the IoT companies which were analyzed in Hangzhou, are focused on mechanical and industrial engineering areas which have been inaugurated between the years 2000 - 2011. Most of these companies have between 51 and 200 employees and earn around 1 to 2.5 millions of dollars in a year. In the prototype developed in this thesis, a design and validation of an electronic platform system for remote real-time monitoring is proposed using the ESP8266 microcontroller. ESP8266 is a very complete wireless microcontroller, which can be used for many purposes and can work with Wi-Fi technology. Besides, its low-cost and its easy of working make it a good solution in IoT problems. The system is able to detect the humidity and temperature of the environment with a DHT11 sensor, and detect the actual location with a NEO-6M GPS sensor. The collected information is saved in a MicroSD Card, displayed in a LCD and sent through HTTP or MQTT protocol to a web server where the data can be visualized in real-time with respective indicators and a dynamic map. Also, the information of the sensor readings are sent to a MySQL database. The server in HTTP protocol is built by the ESP8266 microcontroller, while in the MQTT protocol, ESP8266 is used to communicate with the specialized cloud-based broker Adafruit IO. A device-to-gateway model was used in the MQTT protocol where the Adafruit IO cloud-based broker acts as a cloud-based gateway. Since MQTT protocol is associated as the main communication protocol in IoT, it is imperative to explore and analyze the power consumption of this protocol with different conditions. The experimentation is done in HTTP protocol and in MQTT protocol with different QoS levels in order to make a comparison and demonstrate the differences in power consumption. The experimentation in MQTT protocol with QoS 0 and 1 was successful resulting in power savings of 6.03% and 8.33% respectively, compared with HTTP protocol, representing many hours more in the duration of the battery, which can be very useful in technological solutions for the transport industry.

Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud

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