Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551039
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de las Maestrías correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Construction of a surface display system for the expression of L-arabinose isomerase for D-tagatose production(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-06-08) Cruz Paez, Giselle; CARDENAS CHAVEZ, DIANA LINDA; 46659; Cárdenas Chávez, Diana Linda; puelquio/mscuervo; Vargas Cortéz, Teresa; Tapia Salazar, Mireya; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyD-tagatose (D-tag) is a valuable molecule with a high potential for sugar substitution. It is a ketohexose with low caloric value, 90% sweetener than sucrose and acts as a prebiotic. This rare sugar is naturally found in low quantities in dairy derived products and hot cocoa. Recently, it has gained popularity in the low-calorie sweetener market because of its antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic effects. Due to its low abundance, new manufacturing strategies are required to increase its production and availability. Biological method is the most studied for its bioconversion, for example the enzyme L-arabinose isomerase (L-AI) catalyzes the conversion of D-galactose to D-tag. Nevertheless, there are some enzymatic limitations to overcome to achieve a high yield conversion of D-tag. In this study, a recombinant plasmid was constructed to encode a surface display system for the expression of L-AI for D-tag production. It consisted of fusing the gene araA that encodes for L-AI from Lactobacillus sakei to the 3´ end of the PorB gene from Corynebacterium glutamicum. This expression vector that drives the fusion protein expression under the control of Lac and tac promoters was transformed into Escherichia coli DH5 alpha. Another construction that fuses the genes araA and PgsA is in process due to the presence of unexpected mutations in the encoding synthetic genes.
- Contribución al conocimiento de la superfamilia Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) en México(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-12-07) Iruegas Buentello, Héctor Rubén; CARDENAS CHAVEZ, DIANA LINDA; 46659; Cárdenas Chávez, Diana Linda; emipsanchez; Flores Zuárez, Adriana Elizabeth; Rojas León, Julio Cesar; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyLa superfamilia Pyraloidea, que incluye las familias Pyralidae y Crambidae, representan el tercer grupo más grande del orden Lepidoptera con más de 16,000 especies descritas a nivel mundial y muchas más todavía sin describir y es el segundo grupo con el mayor número de especies de importancia económica, ya que son plagas importantes de varios cultivos de leguminosas, así como de maíz, arroz, caña de azúcar y productos almacenados como granos y frutos secos. En México se estima que el número pueda ser mayor de 3,000 especies. El presente estudio consistió en la colecta nocturna de piraloideos utilizando una trampa de luz blanca durante diferentes meses del año en el municipio de Villaflores, Chiapas, los adultos colectados fueron preparados para su preservación utilizando alfileres entomológicos y cintas de espuma de poliuretano para facilitar el proceso de extender sus alas. Los resultados obtenidos comprenden la identificación de 97 especies diferentes incluidas en 76 géneros, asimismo se presenta una relación de las 16 subfamilias presentes en México, se detallan las descripciones de las especies reportadas, así como su distribución geográfica y se hace hincapié en la falta de estudios de este importante grupo de lepidópteros, sobre todo en otras regiones del país.
- Characterization of the chromium reduction activity of an endemic bacterium from the Atoyac river with potential use in water bioremediation(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-15) Puón Meraz, Ramón Iván; CARDENAS CHAVEZ, DIANA LINDA; 46659; Cárdenas Chávez, Diana Linda; puelquio; Luna, Itza Eloisa; Gutiérrez Uribe, Janet Alejandra; Rocha Pizaña, Maria del Refugio; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus MonterreyWater pollution has become a major issue all over the world. One of the most devastating examples in Mexico is the Atoyac River, a victim mainly of the textile and automotive industries that produce contaminants such as phenolic compounds or heavy metals. Most of the contaminants in water bodies turn these ecosystems practically lifeless. However, unicellular organisms seem to be the only beings that thrive in polluted rivers. Bacteria are receiving more attention as model systems for bioremediation applications, given their availability and wide diversification in extreme ecosystems. This, in combination with the relative simplicity of the techniques for receiving genetic modifications, makes them ideal candidates as a source of biomolecules that might be used in the development of biosensors for monitoring the presence of pollutants in situ. Here, I propose a thesis whose main objective is to identify the possible mechanism, mainly the mediated by enzymes, of the hexavalent chromium reduction by an endemic bacterium (named Cr2.23a) isolated from the Atoyac River. In the characterization of this bacterial strain, it showed an optimal chromium reduction growing at pH of 8 and a temperature of 42°C. This reduction was localized on intracellular extracts, that would increase its efficiency by adding external electron donors such as glucose, lactose, sodium acetate, and NADPH. An API biochemical test identified this Cr 2.23a strain as two possible species: Klebsiella oxytoca and Raoultella planticola. To confirm these identification results, the 16s region of this strain was cloned and isolated. The molecular isolates were sent for sequencing to the Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica. These results will allow for the development of new strategies for water bioremediation and possibly a microbial biosensor for the detection of polluted bodies of water by heavy metals.
- Characterization and Cr(VI) removal optimization by a bacterial strain with high heavy metals tolerance isolated from the Atoyac River(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-06-10) Chávez Rivera, Víctor Manuel; CHAVEZ RIVERA, VICTOR MANUEL; 803095; Cárdenas Chávez, Diana Linda; puemcuervo; Cuellar Sánchez, Alma; Rocha Pizaña, María del Refugio; Guillén Navarro, Giselda Karina; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyChromium pollution of water bodies is an important environmental problem that has risen as a result of more industrialized societies. As a residual of the textile, construction, cellulose transformation, plastics, pharmaceutical, food, automobile, ceramics, paint and alloy manufacturing industries, hexavalent chromium is discarded into the environment as a highly soluble and toxic element leading to carcinogenic, respiratory, skin, renal, hepatic, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hematological and reproductive effects in humans. To address this global pollution problem, numerous studies in bioremediation technologies have been researched in the past years, focusing on the development of environmentally friendly, low cost and adaptable tools for Cr(VI) removal. Among these technologies, bacterial reduction of Cr(VI) is of great interest as it facilitates its removal by precipitation into a less soluble form, Cr(III). This present master's thesis focused on the research and characterisation of a bacterial strain isolated from the Atoyac River, one of the most polluted rivers in Mexico. The bacteria denominated as 2.15a was taxonomically identified and the effects of pH, temperature and chromium concentration were evaluated in both live cells and dry biomass for their potential to remove chromium. The bacterial strain was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by biochemical tests and growth in selective media. With a MIC of 800 ppm of Cr(VI) the bacterial strain showed great potential as a bioremediation tool. The optimal conditions for Cr(VI) removal by the live strain were identified as pH 8 and temperature of 37.5°C; this bacteria showed excellent removal values when the metal concentration was between 50 and 150 ppm, reaching removal percentages after 24 hours of 96.5% to 47.5% as the concentration increases. The bacteria was able to reduce Cr(VI) in presence or absence of oxygen, being the aerobic condition the optimal for chromium removal. Bacterial dry biomass also showed the ability to remove Cr(VI) at optimal conditions of pH 5 and a temperature of 25°C, showing removal percentages of 73.7% to 31.1% in concentration ranges of 50 to 150 ppm after 24 hours. Taken together, the results reveal the great potential of the strain 2.15a as a bioremediation tool, with optimal chromium removal conditions close to those of the environment. The live bacteria could be implemented into many bioremediation strategies, while its biomass has the capacity of acting as an efficient renewable material for Cr(VI) removal.