Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud

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Study of drone arm behavior with metamaterial implementation
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-06-14) Villicaña García, Jorge Lino; Aragón Zavala, Alejandro; emimmayorquin; Treviño Quintanilla, Cecilia Daniela; Álvarez Trejo, Alberto; EIC Computación; Campus Monterrey; Cuan Urquizo, Enrique
Access to data communications is restricted in different sectors of society, generally these problems are reflected in communities with difficult access being rural areas. The lack of connectivity in these communities has become a significant challenge, this Thesis presents an innovative approach focused on the design of a drone frame, which will be used as a means to connect communities with broadband communications, solving the problem of lack of coverage. The drone is proposed as an effective means to connect communities to broadband communications, acting as a key technological tool to address the lack of coverage. However, it is recognized that drones are not without risk, as they can suffer mishaps such as crashes or crash landings. Specifically, drone arms are identified as the parts most susceptible to significant damage, such as bending, cracking or complete breakage, due to the considerable impact forces involved. To mitigate these risks, computer-aided design (CAD) software is used to elaborate the comprehensive design of the drone frame. Special attention is focused on the drone arms, selecting them as the critical part to be analyzed. New designs incorporating reinforcement techniques are proposed and implemented, with the main objective of minimizing the risk of damage while ensuring the structural integrity of the drone. By understanding the relationship between design parameters and mechanical response, it is determined that the implementation of metamaterial in one section of the drone arm produces a lighter part with better stress distribution. In addition, an acceptable safety factor is achieved and the free vibration of the arm is mitigated. This project addresses the challenges inherent to the safety and robustness of drones frames, thus contributing to the advancement of connectivity in difficult to access environments.
Autonomous navigation in agriculture, a comparative study between 2D and 3D LiDAR’s in greenhouses
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-04) Ledesma Rangel, Juan Manuel; Aragón Zavala, Alejandro; dnbsrp; Gómez Espinosa, Alfonso; EIC Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Campus Monterrey; Escobedo Cabello, Jesús Arturo
Autonomous navigation is no longer a car-only application. Over the past years, more and more areas have come to autonomous navigation to automate some tasks and simplify processes. Agriculture is a clear example of this with self-driving trucks that harvest or plant crops; self-driving drones to oversee big cultivation fields; and, of course, mobile robots too. Integrating Robotics with Agriculture can reduce exposure from human workers to chemicals or adverse conditions which can damage their health and reduce costs in both workforce and maintenance. This work shows a comparative study of a mobile robot that can navigate autonomously in a greenhouse using two different types of LiDARs, paving the way for future developments that use this platform as a base. Robotics Operating System (ROS) is used on a Jackal robot equipped with wheel encoders, GPS, and an IMU; the last three sensors are fused together for improved odometry. An RPLiDAR A3 from SLAMTEC is used as the 2D LiDAR, and a VLP16 from Velodyne is used as a 3D LiDAR. Both simulated and real-world tests are developed to calibrate and compare LiDARs regarding the computational load, safety, and performance to test the hypothesis that autonomous navigation in greenhouses differs between 2D and 3D LiDARs. Tests and their analysis revealed that each type of LiDAR is better at certain scenarios, accepting the initial hypothesis. Some future implementations are also outlined, intended to guide the reader into the next steps if the decision to follow this project is decided.
Wave characterization and path loss modelling for 5g wireless communication in indoor light industrial deployments at 2.4ghz and 28ghz frequency bands
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-11-23) López Ramírez, Gustavo Adulfo; Aragón Zavala, Alejandro; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Vargas Rosales, César; Zaldívar Huerta, Ignacio Enrique; School of Engineering and Science; Campus Monterrey
In a world increasingly focused on the wireless interconnection of devices, it is pertinent to carry out an in-depth investigation of the theory surrounding electromagnetic waves and their propagation mechanisms; only in this way it is possible to carry out an adequate characterization. After the research established as a fundamental basis, two measurement campaigns were carried out in semi-industrial indoor environments, selecting two frequency bands: 2.4GHz and 28GHz, both found within the two frequency sets that comprise the 5G networks to subsequently perform an analysis of the data collected and adjust them to the single-frequency floating-intercept path loss model. The application of the empirical model fits the collected data and shows reliability to predict the path loss behavior for both frequency bands; however, specific studies must be carried out to analyze in detail the specific contributions of the propagation mechanisms. The model proves not to be deterministic, but instead presents random variables and must be approached stochastically, in addition to being highly dependent on the analyzed site.

Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud

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