Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551014
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de los Doctorados correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Towards rapid prototyping of integrated, cost-effective, and pocket-size electrochemical sensing platforms using 3D-printing for quantitative electroanalytical applications(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2025-06-13) Contreras Naranjo, Jesús Eduardo; Aguilar Jiménez, Oscar Alejandro; emipsanchez; Kao, Katy; Madadelahi, Masoud; Videa Vargas, Marcelo Fernando; Pérez González, Víctor Hugo; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Mata Gómez, Marco Arnulfo3D-printing has facilitated the proposal of integrated strategies where commercially available 3D-printers and a variety of 3D-printing materials enable the fabrication of integrated devices at the millimeter-scale or below. This work presents three different strategies for the rapid prototyping of integrated, cost-effective, and pocket-size electrochemical sensing platforms using fused deposition modeling (FDM)3D-printing, with an emphasis in quantitative electroanalytical applications. The first strategy combines 3D-printing and screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), an approach that has previously enabled the fabrication of electrochemical fluidic sensing platforms but has failed to achieve quantitative performance. Thus, a cost-effective and pocket-size 3D-printed-enabled fluidic electrochemical sensing platform (3DP-FESP) with removable/disposable SPEs for the quantitative detection of analytes was developed. To illustrate its capabilities, this millimeter-scale 3DP-FESP achieved limits of detection of 0.16 μM and 0.05 μM for dopamine in the presence of interferents when operated in batch and flow modes, respectively. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that the approach of combining 3D-printing and SPEs can achieve quantitative analytical performance. The second strategy focuses on fully 3D-printed electrodes using hybrid 3D-printing materials. Although the use of conductive filaments based on polylactic acid (PLA) combined with a single carbon allotrope for integrated and miniaturized 3D-printed electrodes has been previously reported, hybrid filaments combining PLA with multiple carbon allotropes have not been reported in quantitative electrochemical applications. Therefore, miniaturized and integrated 3D-printed hybrid carbon electrodes were prototyped using a carbon nanotube/carbon black/PLA filament material. Their quantitative analytical performance was illustrated with the detection of dopamine, with a limit of detection of 1.45 μM. The simplicity, portability, low cost (0.11 USD per electrode), and rapid fabrication (3.7 minutes) make these fully integrated 3D-printed hybrid carbon-based electrodes truly point-of-care quantitative electrochemical sensing systems. Then, for the third strategy, the challenge of fabricating a complete 3D-printed milli fluidic device with channel band electrodes using a conventional desktop FDM 3D-printer and a 3D-pen was successfully accomplished. The manufacturing process followed a “print-pause-print” methodology, in which the band electrodes can be activated through a compatible polishing approach followed by “in-channel” electrochemical activation. In addition, theoretical models and numerical computations were used to study the quantitative behavior of the current response considering the effect of critical features of these 3D-printed devices such as electrode shape and device porosity. In conclusion, in this work the successful implementation of different prototyping strategies for the development of 3D-printed electrochemical sensors and devices using FDM 3D-printing was demonstrated, while highlighting capabilities for quantitative electroanalytical applications.