Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud

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Implementation of advanced design and additive manufacturing techniques for the development of medically relevant devices
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-06-20) Olivas Alanis, Luis Héctor; OLIVAS ALANIS, LUIS HECTOR; 855190; Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Vázquez Lepe, Elisa Virginia; García López, Erika; López Botello, Omar Eduardo; School of Engineering Science; Campus Monterrey; Dean, David
The application of Computer-aided Design (CAD), Engineering (CAE), and Manufacturing (CAM) has brought many benefits to a wide range of sectors. For the healthcare sector, it has enabled the development of complex and enhanced devices which offers promising solutions to current problems. The main applications can be seen in the planning, training, and designing stages. By conducting the design and validation stages in the digital world, prediction of the device manufacturing and performance can be accurately obtained, thus producing the optimized version with engineered properties. Furthermore, novel behavior, geometries, and materials can be achieved, which was not possible by conventional means. In this work, the application of the Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) technique is highlighted for surgical training and planning, as well as load-bearing implant design. The development of smart laparoscopic surgery training devices is presented. The inclusion of force and motion sensors into custom-made 3D-printed parts fitted to common laparoscopic surgical tools enables the objective training and classification of users based on their performance quality. Furthermore, the use of force sensors in varying stiffness sensors is presented as a base for the application of biomimetic models which offer digital information about their elasticity, which could be translated to tissue properties. The second study case presents the different approached for the development of stiffness-matched devices. Novel more-elastic materials, engineered porosity, and planning of implant location can be employed to tailor the mechanical behavior of load-bearing devices. We present the effect of unit cell rotation for tailoring the mechanical properties of strut-based porosity. Also, the application of engineering porosity in addition to Nickel-Titanium alloys is studied as a promising case for stress-shielding effect reduction. Finally, it assessed the effect of changing the location of personalized fixation on the mechanical behavior of bone reconstruction before and after healing. Results show that these three factors play a crucial role in reducing the stress concentration on the implant, hence, enlarging its life-span.
A safe and efficient path planning framework for conformal fused filament fabrication using a manipulator arm
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-12-02) Rodríguez Padilla, Ma. Consuelo; ROMAN FLORES, ARMANDO; 46077; Román Flores, Armando; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Cuan Urquizo, Enrique; González Hernández, Hugo Gustavo; Ramírez Cedillo, Erick Guadalupe; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Vázquez Hurtado, Carlos
As opposed to flat or planar extrusion additive manufacturing, the benefits of multi-plane and curved fused deposition of material are conclusive; however, several issues need to be considered and solved when a robotic manipulator is used for the deposition of material. The path and motion planning for printing using robotics need considerations to guarantee adequate results. This work presents the projection of a printing trajectory on a tessellated surface and a Reinforcement Learning strategy that optimizes the angular displacement of joints. The validation of the strategy is presented under simulated conditions inserting different obstacles for a projected zigzag printing pattern on a curved surface. Results show that this approach can choose the optimal inverse kinematic solution to optimize the movement of the main joints of a robot with six degrees of freedom while avoiding different obstacles. The strategy was tested on several actual printings of complex patterns on different curved surfaces using a manipulator arm UR3. Even thought the applicability of lattice manufacturing suggested here, the framework developed and software implemented and validated may be used for any application where a very precise conformal trajectory needs to be followed using a manipulator arm or any multi-axis system saving programming time.
An analysis of the technical challenges to produce a Digital Twin of FDM parts
(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2022-08-05) Guajardo Treviño, Alan Mauricio; GUAJARDO TREVIÑO, ALAN MAURICIO; 886471; Ahuett Garza, Horacio; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Urbina Coronado, Pedro Daniel; Carrillo Martínez, Luis Antonio; Román Flores, Armando; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Monterrey; Orta Castañon, Pedro Antonio
A Digital Twin (DT) is a digital representation containing all relevant information of a physical entity with synchronization between the entity and its virtual representation. The Digital Twin is mainly used to monitor, control and predict a part or process. Many challenges exist in implementing Digital Twins in the Additive Manufacturing (AM) fabrication process. However, recent advancements in sensorization and simulation make DT more useful for AM processes and ease its adoption. While FDM parts are commonly used in non-load bearing functions, with the aid of DT, it is possible to improve the mechanical properties and geometrical accuracy of the parts, which can help expand their use in engineering applications. This work evaluates the challenges and benefits of creating a Digital Twin for FDM products and proposes a methodology for gathering the relevant information.

Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud

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