Ciencias Exactas y Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/551014
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de los Doctorados correspondientes a las Escuelas de Ingeniería y Ciencias así como a Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud.
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- Evaluation of electrode materials and external resistance in microbial fuel cells to improve wastewater treatment and bioenergy production(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-05-10) Borja Maldonado, Fátima Jessica Milagros; BORJA MALDONADO, FATIMA JESSICA MILAGROS; 942222; López Zavala, Miguel Ángel; puemcuervo, emipsanchez; Montesinos Castellanos, Alejandro; Monárrez Cordero, Blanca Elizabeth; García Orozco, Jorge Humberto; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus MonterreyDual chamber microbial fuel cells (DC-MFCs) are a technological alternative that can be applied to both wastewater treatment and bioenergy generation. This research evaluated the influence of new carbon-based electrode materials, catholytes, and external resistances on the performance of a DC-MFC. The evaluations were carried out using graphite, graphene and hydrophilic-treated graphene (HTG) electrodes in a DC-MFC. Additionally, different external resistance of 10 Ω, 100 Ω, 1 kΩ, and 2.2 kΩ were also evaluated. For the entire evaluation, a 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution and deionized water were used in the cathodic chamber. Domestic wastewater served as a substrate, and a DuPont TM Nafion 117 membrane acted as the proton exchange membrane. The results showed that HTG has a large superficial area and high conductive properties compared to graphene and graphite. The findings are in agreement with the maximum power density obtained, which was 32.07 mW·m−2 using HTG electrodes, HCl as catholyte, and an external resistances of 100 Ω. In addition, an assessment of external resistances of 10 Ω, 100 Ω, 1,000 Ω, 2,200 Ω in a DC-MFC revealed the effect these resistance exert on anodic potential, the development of microbial communities, overpotential losses, and COD removal. These results indicated that the use of a 100 Ω external resistance, HTG electrodes and HCl as catholyte was the conditions that best favored energy production by treating 3.4 L of domestic wastewater in DC-MFC. Based on these results, it is highly recommended to continue investigating large-scale MFCs for their feasible application.
- Building smart and sustainable societies through basic services provision(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2021-11-22) Turrén Cruz, Thalia; López Zavala, Miguel Ángel; puemcuervo; Peimbert García, Rodrigo Ernesto; García Chong, Néstor Rodolfo; Escobar Neira, Carolina; Ramírez Orozco, Aldo Iván; School of Engineering and Sciences; Campus Eugenio Garza SadaThis research introduces a Smart & Sustainable Societies (S3) Framework, based on what is necessary to achieve the UN agenda by 2030. The proposed model is based on the integration of three smart strategies: (1) water provision that consists of the use of greywater and rainwater; (2) sanitation provision that aims the nutrients recovery from excreta and organic solid waste and (3) resource-oriented agriculture that conceives the use of water from the water provision system to produce food using nutrients recovered from the sanitation system. Globally, the numerous efforts exerted toward providing basic sanitation services to people have not been sufficient to achieve universal coverage. In developing countries worldwide, many policies, strategies, initiatives, and projects on basic sanitation have failed, despite important investments. Of the several reasons explaining the failure, it is remarkable to note that such approaches have focused mainly on improving the technology of the sanitation system without considering the human aspects, such as user preferences. Moreover, there is not currently a comprehensive approach that ensures the provision of a sanitation service that users want or need to satisfy their needs. It is important to highlight that sanitation is fundamental to human development and well-being, and for developing countries, one of the greatest long-term challenges is to treat all the wastewater generated. Therefore, it is important to include the communities’ point of view on the development and decision making of projects and public policies, not just for sanitation but also for common well-being and other basic services provision. As part of the S3 proposal, an approach to identify user preferences was developed and the results suggests that assessing preferences could be an intrinsic part of the design, planning, and implementation process toward leading rural communities to achieve sustainable development goals on universal basic sanitation. The research points out the necessity of understanding how culture, preferences, practices, and socioeconomic conditions directly affect the possibilities for users to gain access to basic sustainable sanitation services. The S3 framework has the potential to increase societies’ well-being, human development, water availability, food safety, poverty alleviation and healthy environments through the provision of safely managed basic services, the recycling of nutrients and water to achieve sustainability at household and community levels.