Ciencias Sociales
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11285/582997
Pertenecen a esta colección Tesis y Trabajos de grado de los Doctorados correspondientes a las Escuelas de Gobierno y Transformación Pública, Humanidades y Educación, Arquitectura y Diseño, Negocios y EGADE Business School.
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- European option pricing on day-ahead electricity prices: the mexican wholesale electricity market case(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-11-28) Ramírez García, Alfredo; Saucedo de la Fuente, Eduardo; emipsanchez; Núñez Mora, José Antonio; Amorós Espinosa, José; Contreras Valdez, Mario Iván; Escuela de Graduados en Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Campus Ciudad de MéxicoThe present research proposes a novel European option pricing model with the day-ahead electricity price as an underlying asset which could be implemented as the first day-ahead electricity price hedging financial instrument in the Wholesale Electricity Market (MEM). Therefore, this work represents an essential contribution to the MEM's development since, according to Roy and Basu (2020), MEM should be considered an emerging electricity market owing to its small number of participants, and hedging financial instruments, such as futures or options, cannot be acquired. Hence having an instrument of this kind would allow market participants to implement better risk management strategies to hedge day-ahead electricity price volatility to prevent financial losses. This work is divided into five chapters; each concerns a different component of the proposed model. In Chapter 1, the main characteristics of the MEM, as well as a review of the operating rules that are most closely related to the design of the proposed financial instrument, as well as a general context of the MEM and the growth initiatives proposed by the Mexican government, are described. In Chapter 2 an in-depth review of the probability theory necessary for a complete understanding of the proposed model, starting with basic probability concepts and moving on to the Normal Inverse Gaussian and Multivariate Normal Inverse Gaussian probability distributions, as well as the valuation of a European Option by Monte Carlo valuation is provided. In Chapter 3, two topics are addressed; first, a statistical analysis is performed to confirm that well-known LMP stylized facts, such as seasonality, volatility, and autocorrelation, are observable on MEM's day-ahead electricity prices. Second, Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) distribution capability to fit LMP logarithmic returns (Series Returns) is shown as follows: the Seasonal and Trend Decomposition Model (STL), NIG parameter estimation by Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) of Series Returns, simulated NIG series generation from obtained parameters, and goodness-of-fit tests are performed to demonstrate NIG's distribution capabilities to fit and simulate electricity returns series. In Chapter 4, the European option pricing model employing Multivariate Normal Inverse Gaussian (MNIG) is proposed. In order to obtain the European option price for 28 days ahead on an hourly basis (672 hours ahead) by applying this model, each week hour is assumed to be a single independent asset, which produces 168 series for a single week. Four lagged log-prices for each hour are then obtained to be modeled employing MNIG distribution to perform Monte Carlo simulations and generate electricity lagged log-prices trajectories which then are employed to estimate the European option price for the 672 hours ahead by applying the European option pricing methodology. Results show that by applying this valuation model, electricity price correlation and seasonality are modeled by the employment of MNIG distribution, which simplifies modeling complexity and MNIG makes it possible to obtain a correct European option price valuation for each of the forecast values. Finally, the research conclusions are presented in Chapter 5.
- Assessing digital skills as a job resource: the moderating role of digital skills in the relationship between job stressors and psychological detachment(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-11-22) Paredes Aguirre, Milton Ismael; Hernández Pozas, Olivia del Roble; emipsanchez; Ayala Millán, Christian Yarid; Campoverde Aguirre, Ronald Enrique; EGADE Business School; Campus MonterreyDigitalization has reshaped work and education, making Digital Skills essential for success in technology-driven environments. Despite their importance, few studies have evaluated Digital Skills as potential job resources that can help manage job stressors and support Psychological Detachment. This doctoral thesis addresses this gap in the literature through four studies. The first study reviewed the interplay between Digital Skills and Well-being, suggesting that these skills may act as a resource that promotes well-being and mitigates stress. The second study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Digital Self-Efficacy scale, grounded in the DigComp framework, to assess the Digital Skills in Spanish-speaking workers. The third and fourth studies applied the Stressor-Detachment Model to explore whether Digital Skills can reduce the effect of job stressors on Psychological Detachment in digital work environments. Study 3 focused on workers in Ecuador, while Study 4 extended the analysis to university educators using a scale designed for educational contexts. The results showed that Digital Skills help workers and educators manage stress and support mental detachment from work. Some unexpected findings, such as certain stressors being positively linked with Psychological Detachment, suggest that further research is needed to understand stress responses in digital workplaces.
- Social innovation processes in dignity-centered organizations: evidence from hybrid and indigenous enterprises(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-11-14) Islas Calderón, Selene; Guerra Leal, Eva María; emipsanchez; Quintanilla Domínguez, Claudia María; López Lira Arjona, Alfonso; Amorós Espinosa, José Ernesto; EGADE Business School; Campus MonterreyThe social and environmental issues that humanity is currently facing demand solutions that challenge current organizational practices. Such practices have also been blamed for increasing some of these problems, and different stakeholders are more strongly demanding that organizations seek different, more innovative approaches to sustainability, wellbeing and the generation of profits. One of the approaches that is gaining tremendous attentions is social innovation. However, this concept has also different approaches and scholar are still looking for frameworks that foster more social inclusion and enhance well-being. In this sense, the concepts of dignity and dignity-centered organizations have recently gained traction as a form of organizing that prioritizes the inherent worth of individuals, offering pathways to human flourishing. This new form of organizing may constitute a social innovation that is based on the principle of dignity. How these concepts intersect to generate processes that shape effective organizational practices and generate positive societal outcomes is a literature gap worth exploring and with important implications for managerial practices. The first study emphasizes the central role of dignity in shaping social innovation process. Humanistic management theory constitutes a promising framework that provides a different, more-human approach to how a social innovation generates and consolidates. The authors examined four Indigenous enterprises in Latin America and proposed a four-stage process of social innovation (origin, mobilization, execution, and integration) based on a four-case qualitative study that explores how the notions of dignity and humanistic management practices are present at every stage of the social innovation process. This study is one of the first to explore the relationship between humanistic management principles, dignity, and social innovation processes, a literature gap with important praxeological implications.
- Understanding the factors that affect the adoption of sustainable entrepreneurship(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-11-13) Rojas Cruz, Lilia Raquel; Husted Corregan, Bryan William; emipsanchez; Aguiñaga Maldonado, Eudardo Enrique; Amorós Espinosa, José Ernesto; EGADE Business School; Campus MonterreyThe urgency of grand challenges such as climate change, resource depletion, and social injustice has generated a call for action, leading governments, markets, businesses, and individuals to adopt more sustainable practices and policies. The recognition of entrepreneurship as a solution— rather than a contributor to these issues— has given rise to sustainable entrepreneurship. Although academic interest in this field has grown in recent years, there is still much to learn about the nature of sustainable entrepreneurship in theory and practice. The present dissertation provides a new and broad approach to elements that influence the adoption of sustainable entrepreneurship. Three empirical studies were conducted to examine how microlevel (motivations, intentions, and competencies) and macro-level (state fragility, economic development, and culture) aspects are related to sustainable entrepreneurship. The first study investigates the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies—self-efficacy and social capital—and sustainable entrepreneurship, focusing on how these competencies influence entrepreneurial motivations. The results reveal that opportunity- and necessity-driven entrepreneurship positively affect sustainable entrepreneurship. Moreover, entrepreneurial motivation positively mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and sustainable entrepreneurship. The second study examines the interaction between state fragility, economic development, and sustainable entrepreneurship, focusing on how entrepreneurial motivations, such as opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship, influence this relationship. Findings suggest that state fragility positively affects sustainable entrepreneurship. Additionally, necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship fully mediate the relationship between state fragility and sustainable entrepreneurship. Finally, the third study aims to understand how the elements of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) influence sustainable entrepreneurial intentions and examine the moderating effects of Hofstede's cultural dimensions. The research focuses on Mexico and the USA, utilizing cross-sectional survey data and employing hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) with cross-level interactions to test the hypotheses. The findings suggest that long-term orientation positively moderates the relationship between individual-level attitudes toward sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainable entrepreneurial intentions. In contrast, masculinity negatively moderates the relationship between attitudes and intentions. Together, these studies comprehensively analyze the multilevel factors driving sustainable entrepreneurship. These findings theoretically and practically contribute to the field of sustainable entrepreneurship.
- Emotional intelligence, local brands, and brand coolness: Unveiling the dynamics of consumer responsibility in sustainable consumption(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024-09-09) Agredano González, Carlos; Toldos Romero, María de la Paz; emimmayorquin; Alvarado Herrera, Alejandro; Escuela de Graduados en Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Sede EGADE Estado de México; Rialp-Criado, JosepThe study of consumer behavior is a fascinating yet complex subject in both marketing literature and human psychology. Recently, there has been a heightened interest in sustainable consumption and consumption patterns have affected serious environmental issues, causing us to question whether making these conscious and responsible decisions will impact how we perceive brands and influence future consumer purchases. To respond to this question and based on the signaling theory (Erdem and Swait, 1989) and the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991), three scientific studies were elaborated to empirically prove the relationships between variables with a methodical basis that can conduct responsible behavior while making stronger brands. The manuscript presents three studies that aim to identify the antecedent variables that explain consumer decision-making in the relationship between consumer responsibility for sustainable consumption and local or global brands, specifically, the objective is to understand the factors that influence this behavior. Firstly, the role of emotional intelligence and flourishing in predicting consumer responsibility for sustainable consumption was examined, and the relationship between these variables and the mediating effect of personal norms, and frugality. Secondly, the study examines how consumer responsibility for sustainable consumption can affect the likelihood of purchasing local brands, the mediation role of local brand attitude and local brand as a social signaling value, and how these relationships are moderated through materialism and ethnocentrism. Lastly, it was presented the impact of the perceived local or global brand on how cool those brands are. In the findings for studies one and two, PLS structural equation modeling was applied to a representative sample of 430 respondents from an online survey in Mexico. This study demonstrated that emotional intelligence has a positive impact on individuals' flourishing, and personal norms and frugal behaviors play a mediating role that positively influences consumer responsibility for sustainable consumption. The second study explored the consumer responsibility for sustainable consumption and its positive direct and indirect effect on local brand purchase likelihood through the mediation of local brand attitude, and local brand as a social signaling value and the moderation role of materialism and ethnocentrism in those direct and indirect effects. In the last study it was applied PLS structural equation modeling and a multigroup analysis, to evaluate the impact of perceived local and global brands on brand coolness and how this perception is affected by their attitude toward a global or local consumer culture in retailers’ brands. A multinational survey was used to collect information from the United States, Australia, and Mexico. Businesses, brand managers, and policymakers should prioritize these factors in marketing strategies to enhance local brand visibility and influence consumer behavior positively and responsibly. The initial investigation offered insights into the antecedent factors driving responsible and sustainable consumption. The findings in second study, enhance the understanding of how to develop effective local brand marketing strategies from the perspective of construal level theory, and this is particularly relevant when targeting consumers who have a strong sense of personal responsibility and prioritize sustainability, providing managerial implications on how to promote consuming locally, thereby promoting responsible consumption. These results suggest that adopting a glocal strategy can benefit retailers seeking international growth and enhance their overall coolness factor.
- Posibilidades tecnoestéticas del GIF: reflexiones críticas y creativas desde Latinoamérica(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024) Abbruzzese Abajían, Mariángela; ZAVALA SCHERER, DIEGO; 220138; Bañuelos Capistrán, Jacob; emiggomez; Rodríguez Blanco, Sergio; Escuelas de Humanidades y Educación; Campus Ciudad de México; Zavala Scherer, DiegoEl GIF nace en 1987 como un formato de archivo de imágenes digitales, pero excede las condiciones de su invención y se convierte en un medio para la expresión afectiva, el humor, la reacción en chats, las prácticas meméticas, el placer visual, y las prácticas artísticas. Este permite que las imágenes se muevan en loops infinitos, sin controles de reproducción, con una paleta cromática simple que lo vuelve accesible para ser visto y compartido entre miles de usuarios de la red. Esta tesis doctoral propone un modelo reflexivo y analítico en torno a las posibilidades tecnoestéticas (Simondon, 2017) del GIF, utilizando la metodología de investigación-creación (Ballesteros y Beltrán, 2018), para diseñar e impartir un taller de reflexión y creación de GIFs en los siguientes espacios educativos: Centro de Cultura Digital, A.C. Yolia, El Rule Comunidad de Saberes, Tecnológico de Monterrey Campus Toluca, Casa Ensenada 60 Centro Cultural, Casa del Lago UNAM y Biblioteca Francisco Zarco. Tanto el proceso como los resultados, permiten abrir caminos hacia las pedagogías libres y la reflexión crítica, creativa y propositiva desde Latinoamérica. Caminos que, desde la experiencia práctica, se desmarcan del frenesí de la novedad y el hiperconsumo, propios de la dinámica capitalista que define las formas dominantes de uso de las tecnologías digitales.
- Hacia visiones pluriversales de las tecnologías digitales: las experiencias de la Red de comunicadoras y comunicadores, Boca de Polen, A.C.(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2024) Manjarrez Bastidas, Laura Elizabeth; Ricaurte, Paola; emipsanchez; Baca, Carlos; Escuela de Humanidades y Educación; Campus Ciudad de México; Lugo, NohemíLa presente investigación se propone ofrecer una perspectiva emergente para el análisis de las tecnologías digitales, focalizándose en los conceptos de pluriversalidad y comunalidad y a partir en las vivencias de la Red de Comunicadores Boca de Polen, una entidad civil que ha respaldado a emisoras comunitarias e indígenas en Chiapas, México, durante más de dos décadas. A partir de los preceptos de la investigación colaborativa y mediante un proceso de sistematización, este estudio ahonda en las vivencias tanto de la red como de las radios acompañadas, desvelando una profunda interacción de prácticas sociotécnicas enraizadas en experiencias comunales. Al enfocarse en una experiencia específica de apropiación y resistencia, y al buscar cambiar el lugar de enunciación, se exploran nuevas facetas de preocupaciones y oportunidades habilitadas por las tecnologías digitales. Así, el conocimiento experiencial obtenido de Boca de Polen emerge como una representación palpable de una visión pluriversal de la tecnología, crucial para fomentar reflexiones críticas inclusivas sobre las múltiples implicaciones de las tecnologías digitales.
- Price communication in retail: effective strategies for sustainable customer satisfaction and business growth(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-11) Guzmán Martínez, Francisco Jesús; GUZMAN MARTINEZ, FRANCISCO JESUS;*CA50227; Orozco Gómez, Ma. Margarita; emiggomez; Hernández Zelaya, Sandra Lizzeth; Escuela de Negocios; Campus Santa Fe; Osorio Andrade, María LucilaPrice communication, a focal component of retail marketing, plays a critical role in shaping consumer perceptions and purchase behavior. The research delves into various aspects of price communication, including pricing strategies, promotional tactics, and their impact on consumers’ willingness to buy. This thesis explores the multifaceted realm of price communication within the retail industry, with a primary focus on elucidating effective strategies that engender sustainable customer purchase intentions. This thesis is presented in the format of three academic papers, each of which has specific and particular objectives: 1) Investigate the strategies and techniques that businesses and organizations employ to effectively navigate the complex economic landscape characterized by inflation; 2) explore the role of emotional factors within price cues that are influencing consumers' purchase decisions; 3) Investigate and analyze the dynamics and impact of limited time offers as a pricing strategy in the retail industry. Paper 1 eluded diverse approaches adopted by businesses for proficiently disseminating inflation alterations, the research first scrutinizes existing literature and subsequently presents the outcomes of executive interviews and comprehensive analyses of global corporate pricing and sales promotional strategies. The results underscore the significance of forthright and anticipatory communication as a means to uphold customer trust and alleviate adverse perceptions. Paper 2 discovered that the emotional side of pricing assumes pivotal significance in understanding consumers' responses to pricing cues due to its substantial influence on consumer behavior. The results that presenting promotional pricing alongside regular pricing significatively increases willingness to buy (WTB), this relationship holds notable importance within the emotional and monetary dimensions, exhibiting heightened salience for hedonic products, thereby fostering a positive impact on WTB. Paper 3 delve into the retail pricing strategy of time-limited offers and its potential implications for market competitiveness. Economic theory posits that these offers could discourage consumers from conducting price comparisons, potentially resulting in less competitive markets. Results showed that using strategies of limited time offers significantly increases the willingness to buy, mainly influenced by the reactance theory in an opposite way. The findings yield valuable insights into the dynamics of time-limited offers within the context of retail pricing strategies.
- Las corporalidades queer/cuir en el arte mexicano de 2012 a 2022(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-11) Otero Ríos, Fernanda; BAÑUELOS CAPISTRAN, JACOB ISRAEL; 121043; Bañuelos Capistrán, Jacob Israel; emipsanchez; Benavides Sola, Juan Francisco; Escuela de Humanidades y Educación; Campus Ciudad de México; Castro Ricalde, María de la Cruz de FátimaEsta tesis doctoral se enfoca en el arte queer/cuir en México desde 2012 hasta 2022. El problema que se aborda es cómo lxs artistas mexicanos han desafiado las normas de género y han creado obras de arte poderosas que celebran la diversidad y la inclusión. El objetivo principal de la investigación es explorar cómo el arte queer/cuir ha sido utilizado como una herramienta ideológica y un espacio de movilidad y visibilidad que cuestiona los discursos hegemónicos y lucha por abrirse a otras identidades. El método usado en esta investigación es el análisis plástico y temático a partir de la iconología de Erwin Panofsky y la semiótica de Umberto Eco. Así mismo, se define el arte queer y se problematizan las corporalidades presentes en él con base en la teoría queer de Teresa de Lauretis y Judith Butler. El corpus incluye obras de arte de cinco artistas queer/cuir mexicanxs con producción pictórica y fotográfica que enfatiza las corporalidades sexo-genéricas disidentes. El análisis aplicado permitió identificar las características principales de las corporalidades queer/cuir mexicanas representadas, así como la relación de éstas con las vivencias y posturas políticas de lxs artistas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el arte queer/cuir en México es una herramienta ideológica y un espacio de movilidad y visibilidad que cuestiona los discursos hegemónicos y lucha por abrirse a otras identidades. Lxs artistas analizados han utilizado el arte para desafiar las normas de género y crear formas de representación visual que rompen los estereotipos corporales hegemónicos. Además, el arte queer/cuir tiene la capacidad de transmitir conocimiento de una manera única y diferente a otras formas de comunicación, en las que se rompen los esquemas de las corporalidades dicotómicas tradicionales y se muestran otras posibilidades de ser y estar en el mundo. Las conclusiones más relevantes de esta investigación son que el arte queer/cuir es una forma poderosa de resistencia y de lucha contra la discriminación y la violencia. Los artistas mexicanos analizados han creado obras de arte únicas y poderosas que celebran la diversidad y la inclusión, y han desafiado las normas de género para crear nuevas formas de representación visual. Además, el arte queer/cuir tiene la capacidad de transformarse en una herramienta importante para crear conciencia sobre temas sociales que involucran la diversidad sexual y que en México se entrecruza con aspectos como la raza, la etnia y la clase social, entre otros.
- The impact of digital transformation and value capture on business models(Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 2023-10-31) Díaz Crespo, Regina Gabriela; MONTALVO CORZO, RAUL FRANCISCO; 83426; Montalvo Corzo, Raúl Francisco; emiggomez; Escuela de Graduados en Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Sede EGADE Santa Fe; Amorós Espinosa, José ErnestoIn awareness of the importance that Digital Transformation (DT) has gained in Mexican companies in recent years, as well as the concern of Business Models (BM) in capturing value, the purpose of this thesis is to answer the question: What is the impact of Digital Transformation and value capture on business models? Five research projects have been developed in Mexico to answer this question. The first research work consisted of a systematic literature review in order to identify relevant opportunities for this research, which is explained in the first chapter of the thesis. Derived from this first research work, the following four research papers were developed. The second chapter addresses the adoption of the digital transformation of corner stores promoted by large companies. Through the application of in-depth interviews in corner stores resulted in an urgent call for large companies to unify strategies to promote the DT of the front desk with customers. The third chapter includes an analysis of the sustainability reports of large companies, in which DT actions to achieve sustainability are identified. Concluding that investment in digital transformation actions promote the sustainability of businesses and the permanence of business models. A successful business model considers satisfactory customer experience as a pillar in its development. Which motivated the fourth paper, focused on investigating how artificial intelligence is perceived in customer service. It was through surveys that we investigated whether the implementation of chatbots improves the customer experience, findings show that it will depend on the purpose of the chatbot, the age of the customer and the level of education. With the purpose of sharing experiences of Mexican companies in the implementation of DT projects, a fifth research paper is included explaining why digital transformation projects fail in companies. This work was carried out by conducting interviews with Project Managers (PM) and experts in DT projects implementation. This work is original since it is developed in Mexico, has different research methodologies and has managerial implications that are mentioned in each research paper. There are undoubtedly great opportunities in the research of DT, since it is a topic with many edges, and this thesis only covers some of them.
